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Pharmacology: Mechanism of action: Glucosamine enhances cartilage proteoglycan synthesis, thereby inhibiting deterioration of cartilage brought about by osteoarthritis and helping maintain equilibrium between cartilage catabolic and anabolic process. (Proteoglycans are essential component of articular cartilage.)
Pharmacokinetics: Absorption and bioavailability: After oral administration, the gastrointestinal absorption of Glucosamine was close to 90%. However, due to the hepatic first pass effect, the oral bioavailability of Glucosamine was 44%.
Glucosamine incorporates with plasma globulins.
Excretion: Approximately 82% of an orally administered dose of radiolabeled glucosamine is excreted as carbon dioxide in expire air within 144 hours after administration in rat.
Approximately 11% of an orally administered dose of radiolabeled glucosamine sulfate was excreted in feces.
