Each gram contains: 50 micrograms of Calcipotriol in an ointment base.
Calcipotriol Ointment, 0.005% contains the compound Calcipotriol, a synthetic vitamin D derivative for topical dermatological use. Chemically, Calcipotriol is (5Z, 7E, 22E, 24S)-24-cyclopropyl-9,10-secochola-5,7,10(19),22-tetraene-1α,3β,24-triol-with the empirical formula C27H40O3, a molecular weight of 412.6.
Calcipotriol is a white or off-white crystalline substance.
Calcipotriol Ointment contains Calcipotriol 50 μg/g in an ointment base of dibasic sodium phosphate, edetate disodium, mineral oil, petrolatum, propylene glycol, tocopherol, steareth-2 and water.
Pharmacology: Pharmacodynamics: In humans, the natural supply of vitamin D depends mainly on exposure to the ultraviolet rays of the sun for conversion of 7-dehydrocholesterol to vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) in the skin. Calcipotriol is a synthetic analog of vitamin D3. Clinical studies with radiolabelled ointment indicate that approximately 6% (± 3%, SD) of the applied dose of Calcipotriol is absorbed systemically when the ointment is applied topically to psoriasis plaques or 5% (± 2.6%, SD) when applied to normal skin, and much of the absorbed active is converted to inactive metabolites within 24 hours of application. Vitamin D and its metabolites are transported in the blood, bound to specific plasma proteins. The active form of the vitamin, 1, 25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 (calcitriol), is known to be recycled via the liver and excreted in the bile. Calcipotriol metabolism following systemic uptake is rapid, and occurs via a similar pathway to the natural hormone. The primary metabolites are much less potent than the parent compound. There is evidence that material 1, 25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 (calcitriol) may enter the fetal circulation, but it is not known whether it is excreted in human milk. The systemic disposition of Calcipotriol is expected to be similar to that of the naturally occurring vitamin.
Clinical Studies: Adequate and well-controlled trials of patients treated with Calcipotriol Ointment have demonstrated improvement usually beginning after two weeks of therapy. This improvement continued in patients using Calcipotriol Ointment once daily and twice daily. After 8 weeks of once daily Calcipotriol Ointment, 56.7% of patients showed at least marked improvements (6.4% showed complete clearing). After 8 weeks of twice daily Calcipotriol Ointment 70.0% of patients showed at least marked improvement (11.3% showed complete clearing). Subtracting percentages of patients using placebo (vehicle only) from percentages of patients using Calcipotriol Ointment who had at least marked improvements after 8 weeks yields 39.9% for once daily and 49.6% for twice daily. This adjustment for placebo effect indicates that what might appear to be differences between once and twice daily use may reflect differences in the studies independent from the frequency of dosing. Although there was a numerical difference in comparison across studies, twice daily dosing has not been shown to be superior in efficacy to once daily dosing. Over 400 patients have been treated in open label clinical studies of Calcipotriol Ointment for periods of up to one year. In half of these studies, patients who previously had not responded well to Calcipotriol Ointment were excluded. The adverse events in these extended studies included skin irritation in approximately 25% of patients and worsening of psoriasis in approximately 10% of patients. In one of these open label studies, half of the patients no longer required Calcipotriol Ointment by 16 weeks of treatment, because of satisfactory therapeutic results.
Nonclinical Toxicology: Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility: When Calcipotriol was applied topically to mice for up to 24 months at dosages of 3, 10 and 30 μg/kg/day (corresponding to 9, 30 and 90 μg/m2/day, and no significant changes in tumor incidence were observed when compared to control. In a study in which albino hairless mice were exposed to both UVR and topically applied Calcipotriol, a reduction in the time required for UVR to induce the formation of skin tumors was observed (statistically significant in males only), suggesting that Calcipotriol may enhance the effect of UVR to induce skin tumors. Patients that apply Calcipotriol Ointment to exposed portions of the body should avoid excessive exposure to either natural or artificial sunlight (including tanning booths, sun lamps, etc.). Physicians may wish to avoid use of phototherapy in patients that use Calcipotriol Ointment. Calcipotriol did not elicit any mutagenic effects in an Ames mutagenicity assay, a mouse lymphoma TK locus assay, a human lymphocyte chromosome aberration assay, or in a micronucleus assay conducted in mice. Studies in rates at doses up to 54 μg/kg/day (324 μg/m2/day) of Calcipotriol indicated no impairment of fertility or general reproductive performance.
Calcipotriol Ointment, 0.005%, is indicated for the treatment of plaque psoriasis in adults. The safety and effectiveness of topical Calcipotriol in dermatoses other than psoriasis have not been established.
Apply a thin layer of Calcipotriol Ointment once or twice daily and rub in gently and completely.
Topically applied Calcipotriol Ointment can be absorbed in sufficient amounts to produce systemic effects. Elevated serum calcium has been observed with excessive use of Calcipotriol Ointment.
Calcipotriol Ointment is contraindicated in those patients with a history of hypersensitivity to any of the components of the preparation. It should not be used by patients with demonstrated hypercalcemia or evidence of vitamin D toxicity. Calcipotriol Ointment should not be used on the face.
General: Use of Calcipotriol Ointment may cause irritation of lesions and surrounding uninvolved skin. If irritation develops, Calcipotriol Ointment should be discontinued. For external use only. Always wash hands thoroughly after use. Transient, rapidly reversible elevation of serum calcium has occurred with use of Calcipotriol Ointment. If elevation in serum calcium outside the normal range should occur, discontinue treatment until normal calcium levels are restored.
Information for Patients: Patients using Calcipotriol Ointment should receive the following information and instructions: 1. This medication is to be used as directed by the physician. It is for external use only. Avoid contact with the face or eyes. As with any topical medication, patients should wash hands after application.
2. This medication should not be used for any disorder other than that for which it was prescribed.
3. Patients should report to their physician any signs of local adverse reactions.
4. Patients that apply Calcipotriol Ointment to exposed portions of the body should avoid excessive exposure to either natural or artificial sunlight (including tanning booths, sun lamps, etc.).
For topical dermatological use only.
Not for Ophthalmic, Oral or Intravaginal Use.
Use in Children: Safety and effectiveness of Calcipotriol Ointment in pediatric patients have not been established.
Because of a higher ratio of skin surface area to body mass, pediatric patients are at greater risk than adults of systemic adverse effects when they are treated with topical medication.
Use in Elderly: Of the total number of patients in clinical studies of Calcipotriol ointment, approximately 12% were 65 or older, while approximately 4% were 75 and over. The results of an analysis of severity of skin related adverse events showed a statistically significant difference for subjects over 65 years (more severe) compared to those under 65 years (less severe).
Pregnancy: Teratogenic Effects: Pregnancy Category C Studies of teratogenicity were done by the oral route where bioavailability is expected to be approximately 40-60% of the administered dose. In rabbits, increased maternal and fetal toxicity were noted at a dosage of 12 μg/kg/day (132 μg/m2/day); a dosage of 36 μg/kg/day (396 μg/m2/day) resulted in a significant increase in the incidence of incomplete ossification of the pubic bones and forelimb phalanges of fetuses. In a rate study, a dosage of 54 μg/kg/day (318 μg/m2/day) resulted in a significantly increased incidence of skeletal abnormalities (enlarged fontanelles and extra ribs). The enlarged fontanelles are most likely due to Calcipotriol's effect upon calcium metabolism. The estimated maternal and fetal no-effect exposure levels in the rate (43.2 μg/m2/day) and rabbit (17.6 μg/m2/day) studies are approximately equal to the expected human systemic exposure level (18.5 μg/m2/day) from dermal application. There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Therefore, Calcipotriol Ointment should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.
Nursing Mothers: It is not known whether Calcipotriol is excreted in human milk. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk, caution should be exercised when Calcipotriol Ointment, 0.005% is administered to a nursing woman.
In controlled clinical trials, the most frequent adverse reactions reported for Calcipotriol Ointment were burning, itching and skin irritation, which occurred in approximately 10-15% of patients. Erythema, dry skin, peeling, rash, dermatitis, worsening of psoriasis including development of facial/scalp psoriasis were reported in 1 to 10% of patients. Other experiences reported in less than 1% of patients included skin atrophy, hyperpigmentation, hypercalcemia, and folliculitis. Once daily dosing has not been shown to be superior in safety to twice daily dosing.
Store at temperatures not exceeding 25°C.
D05AX02 - calcipotriol ; Belongs to the class of other antipsoriatics for topical use.
Dipsotrex oint 50 mcg/g
30 g x 1's (P1,038.4/tube)
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