Hypersensitivity to the active substance, or to any other thiazine dyes.
Patients with Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PD) due to the risk of haemolytic anaemia.
Patients with nitrite-induced methaemoglobinaemia during treatment of cyanide poisoning.
Patients with methaemoglobinaemia due to chlorate poisoning.
Deficiency in NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) reductase.
Intrathecal and subcutaneous injection of methylene blue are also contraindicated as they can result in neural damage (intrathecal administration) and necrotic abscess (subcutaneous administration).