Kryxana

Ribociclib.

Tablet: 200 mg ribociclib (equivalent to 254.40 mg ribociclib succinate).
KRYXANA (ribociclib) is a kinase inhibitor.
The chemical name of ribociclib succinate is: Butanedioic acid-7-cyclopentyl-N,N-dimethyl-2-{[5-(piperazin-1-yl) pyridin-2-yl]amino}-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide (1/1).
Ribociclib succinate is a light yellow to yellowish brown crystalline powder. The molecular formula for ribociclib succinate is C₂₃H₃₀N₈O·C₄H₆O₄ and the molecular weight is 552.64 g/mol (Free base: 434.55 g/mol).
KRYXANA film-coated tablets are supplied for oral use and contain 200 mg of ribociclib free base (equivalent to 254.40 mg ribociclib succinate).
The tablets also contain colloidal silicon dioxide, crospovidone, hydroxypropylcellulose, magnesium stearate and microcrystalline cellulose. The film-coating contains iron oxide black, iron oxide red, lecithin (soya), polyvinyl alcohol (partially hydrolysed), talc, titanium dioxide, and xanthan gum as inactive ingredients.

Pharmacology: Mechanism of Action: Ribociclib is an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4 and 6. These kinases are activated upon binding to D-cyclins and play a crucial role in signaling pathways which lead to cell cycle progression and cellular proliferation. The cyclin D-CDK4/6 complex regulates cell cycle progression through phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma protein (pRb).
In vitro, ribociclib decreased pRb phosphorylation leading to arrest in the G1 phase of the cell cycle and reduced cell proliferation in breast cancer cell lines. In vivo, treatment with single agent ribociclib in a rat xenograft model with human tumor cells led to decreased tumor volumes, which correlated with inhibition of pRb phosphorylation. In studies using patient-derived estrogen receptor positive breast cancer xenograft models, combination of ribociclib and antiestrogen (e.g., letrozole) resulted in increased tumor growth inhibition compared to each drug alone. Additionally, the combination of ribociclib and fulvestrant resulted in tumor growth inhibition in an estrogen receptor positive breast cancer xenograft model.
Pharmacodynamics: Cardiac Electrophysiology: Serial, triplicate ECGs were collected following a single dose and at steady-state to evaluate the effect of ribociclib on the QTcF interval in patients with advanced cancer. A pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic analysis included a total of 997 patients treated with ribociclib at doses ranging from 50 to 1200 mg. The analysis suggested that ribociclib causes concentration-dependent increases in the QTcF interval. The estimated mean change from baseline in QTcF for KRYXANA 600 mg in combination with aromatase inhibitors or fulvestrant was 22.0 ms (90% CI: 20.6, 23.4) and 23.7 ms (90% CI: 22.3, 25.1), respectively, and was 34.7 ms (90% CI: 31.6, 37.8) in combination with tamoxifen at the geometric mean C_max at steady-state [see QT Interval Prolongation and Increased QT Prolongation with Concomitant Use of Tamoxifen under Precautions].
Clinical Studies: MONALEESA-2: KRYXANA in Combination with Letrozole: Postmenopausal women with HR-positive, HER2-negative Advanced or Metastatic Breast Cancer for Initial Endocrine-Based therapy: MONALEESA-2 was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter clinical study of KRYXANA plus letrozole vs. placebo plus letrozole conducted in postmenopausal women with HR-positive, HER2-negative, advanced breast cancer who received no prior therapy for advanced disease.
A total of 668 patients were randomized to receive either KRYXANA plus letrozole (n = 334) or placebo plus letrozole (n = 334), stratified according to the presence of liver and/or lung metastases. Letrozole 2.5 mg was given orally once daily for 28 days, with either KRYXANA 600 mg or placebo orally once daily for 21 consecutive days followed by 7 days off until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. The major efficacy outcome measure for the study was investigator-assessed progression-free survival (PFS) using Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) v1.1.
Patients enrolled in MONALEESA-2 had a median age of 62 years (range, 23 to 91) and 45% of patients were older than 65. The majority of patients were White (82%), and all patients had an ECOG performance status of 0 or 1. A total of 47% of patients had received chemotherapy and 51% had received antihormonal therapy in the neoadjuvant or adjuvant setting. Thirty-four percent (34%) of patients had de novo metastatic disease, 21% had bone only disease, and 59% had visceral disease.
The efficacy results from MONALEESA-2 are summarized in Table 1 and Figure 1. The results shown are from a pre-planned interim efficacy analysis of PFS. Results were consistent across patient subgroups of prior adjuvant or neoadjuvant chemotherapy or hormonal therapies, liver and/or lung involvement, and bone-only metastatic disease. The PFS assessment based on a blinded independent central radiological review was consistent with investigator assessment. At the time of the PFS analysis, 6.5% of patients had died, and overall survival data were immature. (See Table 1 and Figure 1.)

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MONALEESA-7: KRYXANA in Combination with an Aromatase Inhibitor: Pre/perimenopausal Patients with HR-positive, HER2-negative Advanced or Metastatic Breast Cancer for Initial Endocrine-Based Therapy: MONALEESA-7 was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of KRYXANA plus either a NSAI or tamoxifen and goserelin vs. placebo plus either a NSAI or tamoxifen and goserelin conducted in pre/perimenopausal women with HR-positive, HER2-negative, advanced breast cancer who received no prior endocrine therapy for advanced disease.
A total of 672 patients were randomized to receive KRYXANA plus NSAI or tamoxifen plus goserelin (n = 335) or placebo plus NSAI or tamoxifen plus goserelin (n = 337), stratified according to the presence of liver and/or lung metastases, prior chemotherapy for advanced disease and endocrine combination partner (tamoxifen and goserelin vs. NSAI and goserelin). NSAI (letrozole 2.5 mg or anastrozole 1 mg) or tamoxifen 20 mg were given orally once daily on a continuous daily schedule, goserelin was administered as a subcutaneous injection on Day 1 of each 28 day cycle, with either KRYXANA 600 mg or placebo orally once daily for 21 consecutive days followed by 7 days off until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. The major efficacy outcome measure for the study was investigator-assessed progression-free survival (PFS) using Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) v1.1.
Patients enrolled in MONALEESA-7 had a median age of 44 years (range, 25 to 58) and were primarily White (58%), Asian (29%), or Black (3%). Nearly all patients (99%) had an ECOG performance status of 0 or 1. Of the 672 patients, 33% had received chemotherapy in the adjuvant vs. 18% in the neoadjuvant setting and 40% had received endocrine therapy in the adjuvant vs. 0.7% in the neoadjuvant setting prior to study entry. Forty percent (40%) of patients had de novo metastatic disease, 24% had bone only disease, and 57% had visceral disease. Demographics and baseline disease characteristics were balanced and comparable between study arms, and endocrine combination partner.
The efficacy results from a pre-specified subgroup analysis of 495 patients who had received KRYXANA or placebo with NSAI plus goserelin are summarized in Table 2, Figure 2, and Figure 3. Consistent results were observed in stratification factor subgroups of disease site and prior chemotherapy for advanced disease. (See Table 2, Figures 2 and 3.)

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MONALEESA-3: KRYXANA in Combination with Fulvestrant: Postmenopausal Women with HR-positive, HER2-negative Advanced or Metastatic Breast Cancer for Initial Endocrine-Based Therapy or After Disease Progression on Endocrine Therapy: MONALEESA-3 was a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled study of ribociclib in combination with fulvestrant for the treatment of postmenopausal women with hormone receptor positive, HER2-negative, advanced breast cancer who have received no or only one line of prior endocrine treatment.
A total of 726 patients were randomized in a 2:1 ratio to receive KRYXANA 600 mg and fulvestrant (n = 484) or placebo and fulvestrant (n = 242), stratified according to the presence of liver and/or lung metastases and prior endocrine therapy for advanced or metastatic disease. Fulvestrant 500 mg was administered intramuscularly on Days 1, 15, 29, and once monthly thereafter, with either KRYXANA 600 mg or placebo given orally once daily for 21 consecutive days followed by 7 days off until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. The major efficacy outcome measure for the study was investigator-assessed progression-free survival (PFS) using Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) v1.1.
Patients enrolled in this study had a median age of 63 years (range, 31 to 89). Of the patients enrolled, 47% were 65 years and older, including 14% age 75 years and older. The patients enrolled were primarily White (85%), Asian (9%), and Black (0.7%). Nearly all patients (99.7%) had an ECOG performance status of 0 or 1. First and second line patients were enrolled in this study (of which 19% had de novo metastatic disease). Forty-three percent (43%) of patients had received chemotherapy in the adjuvant vs. 13% in the neoadjuvant setting and 59% had received endocrine therapy in the adjuvant vs. 1% in the neoadjuvant setting prior to study entry. Twenty-one percent (21%) of patients had bone only disease and 61% had visceral disease. Demographics and baseline disease characteristics were balanced and comparable between study arms.
The efficacy results from MONALEESA-3 are summarized in Table 3, Figure 4 and Figure 5. Consistent results were observed in stratification factor subgroups of disease site and prior endocrine treatment for advanced disease. (See Table 3, Figures 4 and 5.)

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COMPLEEMENT-1: KRYXANA in combination with Letrozole and Goserelin or Leuprolide: Men with HR-positive, HER2-negative Advanced or Metastatic Breast Cancer for Initial Endocrine-Based Therapy: COMPLEEMENT-1 (NCT 02941926) was an open-label, multicenter clinical study of ribociclib in combination with letrozole and goserelin or leuprolide for the treatment of adults with HR-positive, HER2-negative, advanced breast cancer who received no prior hormonal therapy for advanced disease.
The study included 39 male patients who received KRYXANA 600 mg orally once daily for 21 consecutive days followed by 7 days off; and letrozole 2.5 mg orally once daily for 28 days; and goserelin 3.6 mg as injectable subcutaneous implant or leuprolide 7.5 mg as intramuscular injection administered on Day 1 of each 28 day cycle. Patients were treated until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity occurred.
Male patients enrolled in this study had a median age of 62 years (range 33 to 80). Of these patients, 23% were 65 years and older, including 10% aged 75 years and older. The male patients enrolled were White (72%), Asian (8%), and Black (3%), with 17% unknown. Nearly all male patients (97%) had an ECOG performance status of 0 or 1. The majority of male patients (97%) had 4 or less metastatic sites, which were primarily bone and visceral (69% each). Table 4 summarizes the efficacy results in male patients from COMPLEEMENT-1. (See Table 4.)

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Pharmacokinetics: Ribociclib exhibited over-proportional increases in exposure (peak plasma concentrations (C_max) and area under the time concentration curve (AUC)) across the dose range of 50 mg to 1200 mg following both single dose and repeated doses. Following repeated 600 mg once daily administration, steady-state was generally achieved after 8 days and ribociclib accumulated with a geometric mean accumulation ratio of 2.51 (range, 0.972 to 6.40).
Absorption: The time to reach C_max (T_max) following ribociclib administration was between 1 and 4 hours.
Food Effect: Compared to the fasted state, oral administration of a single 600 mg dose of KRYXANA film-coated tablet with a high-fat, high-calorie meal (approximately 800 to 1000 calories with ~50% calories from fat, ~35% calories from carbohydrates, and ~15% calories from protein) had no effect on the rate and extent of absorption of ribociclib (C_max GMR: 1.00; 90% CI: 0.898, 1.11; AUC_inf GMR: 1.06; 90% CI: 1.01, 1.12).
Distribution: Binding of ribociclib to human plasma proteins in vitro was approximately 70% and independent of concentration (10 to 10,000 ng/mL). Ribociclib was equally distributed between red blood cells and plasma with a mean in vivo blood-to-plasma ratio of 1.04. The apparent volume of distribution at steady-state (V_ss/F) was 1090 L based on population PK analysis.
Metabolism: In vitro and in vivo studies indicated ribociclib undergoes extensive hepatic metabolism mainly via CYP3A4 in humans. Following oral administration of a single 600 mg dose of radio-labeled ribociclib to humans, the primary metabolic pathways for ribociclib involved oxidation (dealkylation, C and/or N-oxygenation, oxidation (-2H)) and combinations thereof. Phase II conjugates of ribociclib Phase I metabolites involved N-acetylation, sulfation, cysteine conjugation, glycosylation and glucuronidation. Ribociclib was the major circulating drug-derived entity in plasma (44%). The major circulating metabolites included metabolite M13 (CCI284, N-hydroxylation), M4 (LEQ803, N-demethylation), and M1 (secondary glucuronide), each representing an estimated 9%, 9%, and 8% of total radioactivity, and 22%, 20%, and 18% of ribociclib exposure. Clinical activity (pharmacological and safety) of ribociclib was due primarily to parent drug, with negligible contribution from circulating metabolites.
Ribociclib was extensively metabolized with unchanged drug accounting for 17% and 12% in feces and urine, respectively. Metabolite LEQ803 was a significant metabolite in excreta and represented approximately 14% and 4% of the administered dose in feces and urine, respectively. Numerous other metabolites were detected in both feces and urine in minor amounts (≤ 3% of the administered dose).
Elimination: The geometric mean plasma effective half-life (based on accumulation ratio) was 32.0 hours (63% CV) and the geometric mean apparent oral clearance (CL/F) was 25.5 L/hr (66% CV) at steady-state at 600 mg in patients with advanced cancer. The geometric mean apparent plasma terminal half-life (t½) of ribociclib ranged from 29.7 to 54.7 hours and geometric mean CL/F of ribociclib ranged from 39.9 to 77.5 L/hr at 600 mg across studies in healthy subjects.
Ribociclib is eliminated mainly via feces, with a small contribution of the renal route. In 6 healthy male subjects, following a single oral dose of radio-labeled ribociclib, 92% of the total administered radioactive dose was recovered within 22 days; feces was the major route of excretion (69%), with 23% of the dose recovered in urine.
Specific Populations: Patients with Hepatic Impairment: Based on a pharmacokinetic trial in patients with hepatic impairment, mild (Child-Pugh class A) hepatic impairment had no effect on the exposure of ribociclib. The mean exposure for ribociclib was increased less than 2-fold in patients with moderate (Child-Pugh class B; geometric mean ratio [GMR]: 1.44 for C_max; 1.28 for AUC_inf) or severe (Child-Pugh class C; GMR: 1.32 for C_max; 1.29 for AUC_inf) hepatic impairment. Based on a population pharmacokinetic analysis that included 160 patients with normal hepatic function and 47 patients with mild hepatic impairment, mild hepatic impairment had no effect on the exposure of ribociclib, further supporting the findings from the dedicated hepatic impairment study.
Patients with Renal Impairment: The effect of renal impairment on the pharmacokinetics of ribociclib was assessed in a renal impairment study in non-cancer subjects with normal renal function (eGFR ≥ 90 mL/min/1.73 m², n = 9), severe renal impairment (eGFR 15 to < 30 mL/min/1.73 m², n = 6), and End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD; eGFR < 15 mL/min/1.73 m², n = 4) at a single ribociclib dose of 400 mg/day. In subjects with severe renal impairment and ESRD, AUC_inf increased 2.37-fold and 3.81-fold, and C_max increased 2.10-fold and 2.68-fold relative to the exposure in non-cancer study participants with normal renal function.
Mild (60 mL/min/1.73 m² ≤ eGFR < 90 mL/min/1.73 m²) or moderate renal impairment (30 mL/min/1.73 m² ≤ eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m²) had no effect on the exposure of ribociclib based on a population PK analysis that included 438 cancer patients with normal renal function, 488 patients with mild renal impairment, and 113 patients with moderate renal impairment. In addition, in a sub-group analysis of data from studies following oral administration of ribociclib 600 mg as a single dose or repeat doses in cancer patients with mild or moderate renal impairment, AUC and C_max were comparable to patients with normal renal function, suggesting no clinically meaningful effect of mild or moderate renal impairment on ribociclib exposure.
Effect of Age, Weight, Gender, and Race: Population PK analysis showed that there are no clinically relevant effects of age, body weight, gender, or race on the systemic exposure of ribociclib.
Drug Interaction Studies: Drugs That Affect Ribociclib Plasma Concentrations: CYP3A Inhibitors: A drug interaction trial in healthy subjects was conducted with ritonavir (a strong CYP3A inhibitor). Compared to ribociclib alone, ritonavir (100 mg twice a day for 14 days) increased ribociclib C_max and AUC_inf by 1.7-fold and 3.2-fold, respectively, following a single 400 mg ribociclib dose. C_max and AUC for LEQ803 (a prominent metabolite of LEE011, accounting for less than 10% of parent exposure) decreased by 96% and 98%, respectively. A moderate CYP3A4 inhibitor (erythromycin) is predicted to increase ribociclib C_max and AUC by 1.3-fold and 1.9-fold, respectively.
CYP3A Inducers: A drug interaction trial in healthy subjects was conducted with rifampicin (a strong CYP3A4 inducer). Compared to ribociclib alone, rifampicin (600 mg daily for 14 days) decreased ribociclib C_max and AUC_inf by 81% and 89%, respectively, following a single 600 mg ribociclib dose. LEQ803 C_max increased 1.7-fold and AUC_inf decreased by 27%, respectively. A moderate CYP3A inducer (efavirenz) is predicted to decrease ribociclib C_max and AUC by 37% and 60%, respectively.
Drugs That are Affected by KRYXANA: CYP3A4 and CYP1A2 Substrates: A drug interaction trial in healthy subjects was conducted as a cocktail study with midazolam (sensitive CYP3A4 substrate) and caffeine (sensitive CYP1A2 substrate). Compared to midazolam and caffeine alone, multiple doses of ribociclib (400 mg once daily for 8 days) increased midazolam C_max and AUC_inf by 2.1-fold and 3.8-fold, respectively. Administration of ribociclib at 600 mg once daily is predicted to increase midazolam C_max and AUC by 2.4-fold and 5.2-fold, respectively. The effect of multiple doses of 400 mg ribociclib on caffeine was minimal, with C_max decreased by 10% and AUC_inf increased slightly by 20%. Only weak inhibitory effects on CYP1A2 substrates are predicted at 600 mg ribociclib once daily dose.
Gastric pH-Elevating Agents: Coadministration of ribociclib with drugs that elevate the gastric pH was not evaluated in a clinical trial; however, altered ribociclib absorption was not identified in a population PK analysis and was not predicted using physiology based PK models.
Letrozole: Data from a clinical trial in patients with breast cancer and population PK analysis indicated no drug interaction between ribociclib and letrozole following coadministration of the drugs.
Anastrozole: Data from a clinical trial in patients with breast cancer indicated no clinically relevant drug interaction between ribociclib and anastrozole following coadministration of the drugs.
Exemestane: Data from a clinical trial in patients with breast cancer indicated no clinically relevant drug interaction between ribociclib and exemestane following coadministration of the drugs.
Fulvestrant: Data from a clinical trial in patients with breast cancer indicated no clinically relevant effect of fulvestrant on ribociclib exposure following coadministration of the drugs.
Tamoxifen: KRYXANA is not indicated for concomitant use with tamoxifen. Data from a clinical trial in patients with breast cancer indicated that tamoxifen C_max and AUC increased approximately 2-fold following coadministration of 600 mg ribociclib.
In vitro Studies: Effect of ribociclib on CYP Enzymes: In vitro, ribociclib was a reversible inhibitor of CYP1A2, CYP2E1 and CYP3A4/5 and a time-dependent inhibitor of CYP3A4/5, at clinically relevant concentrations. In vitro evaluations indicated that KRYXANA has no potential to inhibit the activities of CYP2A6, CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, and CYP2D6 at clinically relevant concentrations. It has no potential for time-dependent inhibition of CYP1A2, CYP2C9, and CYP2D6, and no induction of CYP1A2, CYP2B6, CYP2C9, and CYP3A4 at clinically relevant concentrations.
Effect of ribociclib on Transporters: In vitro evaluations indicated that KRYXANA has a low potential to inhibit the activities of drug transporters P-gp, OATP1B1/B3, OCT1, MATEK2 at clinically relevant concentrations. KRYXANA may inhibit BCRP, OCT2, MATE1, and human BSEP at clinically relevant concentrations.
Effect of Transporters on ribociclib: Based on in vitro data, P-gp and BCRP mediated transport are unlikely to affect the extent of oral absorption of ribociclib at therapeutic doses. Ribociclib is not a substrate for hepatic uptake transporters OATP1B1/1B3 or OCT-1 in vitro.
Nonclinical Toxicology: Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility: In a 2-year carcinogenicity study with oral administration of ribociclib daily in cycles of 3 weeks on/1 week off, ribociclib was not carcinogenic at doses up to 50 mg/kg in male rats and 600 mg/kg in female rats. Systemic exposure in male and female rats were 13 and 1.8 times, respectively, the human exposure at the highest recommended dose of 600 mg/day based on AUC.
Ribociclib was not mutagenic in an in vitro bacterial reverse mutation (Ames) assay or clastogenic in an in vitro human lymphocyte chromosomal aberration assay or an in vivo rat bone marrow micronucleus assay.
In a fertility and early embryonic development study, female rats received oral doses of ribociclib for 14 days prior to mating through the first week of pregnancy. Ribociclib did not affect reproductive function, fertility or early embryonic development at doses up to 300 mg/kg/day (approximately 0.6 times the clinical exposure in patients at the highest recommended dose of 600 mg/day based on AUC).
A fertility study in male rats has not been performed with ribociclib. In repeat-dose toxicity studies with oral administration of ribociclib daily for 3 weeks on/1 week off in rats up to 26 weeks duration and dogs up to 39 weeks duration, atrophic changes in testes were reported. Findings included degeneration of seminiferous tubular epithelia in the testes and hypospermia and luminal cellular debris in the epididymides of rats and dogs and vacuolation of epithelia in the epididymides of rats. These findings were observed at doses ≥ 75 mg/kg in rats and ≥ 1 mg/kg in dogs which resulted in systemic exposures that were 1.4 and 0.03 times the human exposure at the highest recommended daily dose of 600 mg/day based on AUC, respectively. These effects can be linked to a direct anti-proliferative effect on the testicular germ cells resulting in atrophy of the seminiferous tubules and showed a trend towards reversibility in rats and dogs after a four-week non-dosing period.
Animal Toxicology and/or Pharmacology: In vivo cardiac safety studies in dogs demonstrated dose and concentration related QTc interval prolongation at an exposure similar to patients receiving the recommended dose of 600 mg. There is a potential to induce incidences of premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) at elevated exposures (approximately 5-fold the anticipated clinical C_max).

KRYXANA is indicated for the treatment of adult patients with hormone receptor (HR)-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative advanced or metastatic breast cancer in combination with: an aromatase inhibitor as initial endocrine-based therapy in pre/perimenopausal or postmenopausal women or in men; or fulvestrant as initial endocrine-based therapy or following disease progression on endocrine therapy in postmenopausal women or in men.

Dosing and Administration: The recommended dose of KRYXANA is 600 mg (three 200 mg film-coated tablets) taken orally, once daily for 21 consecutive days followed by 7 days off treatment resulting in a complete cycle of 28 days. KRYXANA can be taken with or without food [see Pharmacology: Pharmacokinetics under Actions].
When given with KRYXANA, refer to the Full Prescribing Information for the recommended dose of the aromatase inhibitor being used.
When given with KRYXANA, the recommended dose of fulvestrant is 500 mg administered on Days 1, 15, 29, and once monthly thereafter. Refer to the Full Prescribing Information of fulvestrant.
Pre/perimenopausal women treated with the combination KRYXANA plus an aromatase inhibitor should be treated with a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) agonist according to current clinical practice standards.
Men treated with the combination of KRYXANA plus fulvestrant should be treated with a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) agonist according to current clinical practice standards.
Patients should take their dose of KRYXANA at approximately the same time each day, preferably in the morning.
If the patient vomits after taking the dose, or misses a dose, no additional dose should be taken that day. The next prescribed dose should be taken at the usual time. KRYXANA tablets should be swallowed whole (tablets should not be chewed, crushed or split prior to swallowing). No tablet should be ingested if it is broken, cracked, or otherwise not intact.
Dose Modifications: Dose Modifications for Adverse Reactions: The recommended dose modifications for adverse reactions are listed in Table 5. (See Table 5.)

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Tables 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11 summarize recommendations for dose interruption, reduction, or discontinuation of KRYXANA in the management of specific adverse reactions. Dose modification of KRYXANA is recommended based on individual safety and tolerability. (See Tables 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11.)

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Refer to the Full Prescribing Information for the coadministered aromatase inhibitor or fulvestrant for dose modification guidelines in the event of toxicity and other relevant safety information.
Dose Modification for Use with Strong CYP3A Inhibitors: Avoid concomitant use of KRYXANA with strong CYP3A inhibitors and consider an alternative concomitant medication with less potential for CYP3A inhibition [see Drugs That May Increase Ribociclib Plasma Concentrations under Interactions]. If a strong CYP3A inhibitor must be coadministered, reduce the KRYXANA dose to 400 mg once daily. If the strong inhibitor is discontinued, change the KRYXANA dose (after at least 5 half-lives of the strong CYP3A inhibitor) to the dose used prior to the initiation of the strong CYP3A inhibitor [see Drugs That May Increase Ribociclib Plasma Concentrations under Interactions and Pharmacology: Pharmacokinetics under Actions].
Dose Modification for Hepatic Impairment: No dose adjustment is necessary in patients with mild hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh class A). The recommended starting dose is 400 mg KRYXANA once daily for patients with moderate (Child-Pugh class B) and severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh class C) [see Hepatic Impairment under Precautions and Pharmacology: Pharmacokinetics under Actions].
Review the Full Prescribing Information for the coadministered aromatase inhibitor or fulvestrant for dose modifications related to hepatic impairment.
Dose Modification for Renal Impairment: No dose adjustment is necessary in patients with mild or moderate renal impairment. The recommended starting dose is 200 mg KRYXANA once daily for patients with severe renal impairment [see Renal Impairment under Precautions and Pharmacology: Pharmacokinetics under Actions].

There is limited experience with reported cases of overdose with KRYXANA in humans. General symptomatic and supportive measures should be initiated in all cases of overdose where necessary.

Hypersensitivity to the active substance or to peanut, soya or any of the excipients.

Interstitial Lung Disease/Pneumonitis: Severe, life-threatening, or fatal interstitial lung disease (ILD) and/or pneumonitis can occur in patients treated with KRYXANA and other CDK4/6 inhibitors.
Across clinical trials (MONALEESA-2, MONALEESA-3, MONALEESA-7), 1.1% of KRYXANA-treated patients had ILD/pneumonitis of any grade, 0.3% had Grade 3 or 4, and 0.1% had a fatal outcome. Additional cases of ILD/pneumonitis have been observed in the postmarketing setting, with fatalities reported [see Postmarketing Experience under Adverse Reactions].
Monitor patients for pulmonary symptoms indicative of ILD/pneumonitis which may include hypoxia, cough, and dyspnea. In patients who have new or worsening respiratory symptoms suspected to be due to ILD or pneumonitis, interrupt KRYXANA immediately and evaluate the patient. Permanently discontinue KRYXANA in patients with recurrent symptomatic or severe ILD/pneumonitis [see Dose Modifications under Dosage & Administration].
Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reactions: Severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs), including Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS), toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), and drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome (DiHS)/drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) can occur in patients treated with KRYXANA [see Postmarketing Experience under Adverse Reactions].
If signs or symptoms of severe cutaneous reactions occur, interrupt KRYXANA until the etiology of the reaction has been determined [see Dose Modifications under Dosage & Administration]. Early consultation with a dermatologist is recommended to ensure greater diagnostic accuracy and appropriate management.
If SJS, TEN, or DiHS/DRESS is confirmed, permanently discontinue KRYXANA. Do not reintroduce KRYXANA in patients who have experienced SCARs or other life threatening cutaneous reactions during KRYXANA treatment.
QT Interval Prolongation: KRYXANA has been shown to prolong the QT interval in a concentration-dependent manner [see Pharmacology: Pharmacodynamics under Actions]. Based on the observed QT prolongation during treatment, KRYXANA may require dose interruption, reduction or discontinuation as described in Table 8 [see Dose Modifications under Dosage & Administration and Drugs That Prolong the QT Interval under Interactions].
Across MONALEESA-2, MONALEESA-7, and MONALEESA-3 in patients with advanced or metastatic breast cancer who received the combination of KRYXANA plus an aromatase inhibitor or fulvestrant, 14 out of 1054 patients (1%) had a > 500 ms post-baseline QTcF value, and 59 out of 1054 patients (6%) had a > 60 ms increase from baseline in QTcF intervals.
These ECG changes were reversible with dose interruption and the majority occurred within the first four weeks of treatment. There were no reported cases of Torsades de Pointes.
In MONALEESA-2, on the KRYXANA plus letrozole treatment arm, there was one (0.3%) sudden death in a patient with Grade 3 hypokalemia and Grade 2 QT prolongation. No cases of sudden death were reported in MONALEESA-7 or MONALEESA-3 [see Adverse Reactions].
Assess ECG prior to initiation of treatment. Initiate treatment with KRYXANA only in patients with QTcF values less than 450 ms. Repeat ECG at approximately Day 14 of the first cycle and the beginning of the second cycle, and as clinically indicated.
Monitor serum electrolytes (including potassium, calcium, phosphorous and magnesium) prior to the initiation of treatment, at the beginning of the first 6 cycles, and as clinically indicated. Correct any abnormality before starting KRYXANA therapy [see Dose Modifications under Dosage & Administration].
Avoid the use of KRYXANA in patients who already have or who are at significant risk of developing QT prolongation, including patients with: long QT syndrome; uncontrolled or significant cardiac disease including recent myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, unstable angina, and bradyarrhythmias; electrolyte abnormalities.
Avoid using KRYXANA with drugs known to prolong QT interval and/or strong CYP3A inhibitors as this may lead to prolongation of the QTcF interval.
Increased QT Prolongation With Concomitant Use of Tamoxifen: KRYXANA is not indicated for concomitant use with tamoxifen. In MONALEESA-7, the observed mean QTcF increase from baseline was > 10 ms higher in the tamoxifen plus placebo subgroup compared with the non-steroidal aromatase inhibitors (NSAI) plus placebo subgroup. In the placebo arm, an increase of > 60 ms from baseline occurred in 6/90 (7%) of patients receiving tamoxifen, and in no patients receiving an NSAI. An increase of > 60 ms from baseline in the QTcF interval was observed in 14/87 (16%) of patients in the KRYXANA and tamoxifen combination and in 18/245 (7%) of patients receiving KRYXANA plus an NSAI [see Pharmacology: Pharmacodynamics under Actions].
Hepatobiliary Toxicity: In MONALEESA-2, MONALEESA-7 and MONALEESA-3, increases in transaminases were observed. Across all studies, Grade 3 or 4 increases in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (10% vs. 2%) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (7% vs. 2%) were reported in the KRYXANA and placebo arms, respectively.
Among the patients who had Grade ≥ 3 ALT/AST elevation, the median time-to-onset was 85 days for the KRYXANA plus aromatase inhibitor or fulvestrant treatment group. The median time to resolution to Grade ≤ 2 was 22 days in the KRYXANA plus aromatase inhibitor or fulvestrant treatment group. In MONALEESA-2 and MONALEESA-3, concurrent elevations in ALT or AST greater than three times the ULN and total bilirubin greater than two times the ULN, with normal alkaline phosphatase, in the absence of cholestasis occurred in 6 (1%) patients and all patients recovered after discontinuation of KRYXANA. No cases occurred in MONALEESA-7.
Perform liver function tests (LFTs) before initiating therapy with KRYXANA. Monitor LFTs every 2 weeks for first 2 cycles, at the beginning of each subsequent 4 cycles, and as clinically indicated [see Dose Modifications under Dosage & Administration].
Based on the severity of the transaminase elevations, KRYXANA may require dose interruption, reduction, or discontinuation as described in Table 9 (Dose Modification and Management for Hepatobiliary Toxicity) [see Dose Modifications under Dosage & Administration]. Recommendations for patients who have elevated AST/ALT Grade ≥ 3 at baseline have not been established.
Neutropenia: In MONALEESA-2, MONALEESA-7, and MONALEESA-3, neutropenia was the most frequently reported adverse reaction (74%), and a Grade 3/4 decrease in neutrophil count (based on laboratory findings) was reported in 58% of patients receiving KRYXANA plus an aromatase inhibitor or fulvestrant. Among the patients who had Grade 2, 3, or 4 neutropenia, the median time to Grade ≥ 2 neutropenia was 16 days. The median time to resolution of Grade ≥ 3 (to normalization or Grade < 3) was 12 days in the KRYXANA plus aromatase inhibitor or fulvestrant treatment group. Febrile neutropenia was reported in 1% of patients receiving KRYXANA plus an aromatase inhibitor or fulvestrant. Treatment discontinuation due to neutropenia was 0.8%.
Perform complete blood count (CBC) before initiating therapy with KRYXANA. Monitor CBC every 2 weeks for the first 2 cycles, at the beginning of each subsequent 4 cycles, and as clinically indicated.
Based on the severity of the neutropenia, KRYXANA may require dose interruption, reduction or discontinuation as described in Table 10 [see Dose Modifications under Dosage & Administration].
Embryo-Fetal Toxicity: Based on findings from animal studies and the mechanism of action, KRYXANA can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. In animal reproduction studies, administration of ribociclib to pregnant rats and rabbits during organogenesis caused embryo-fetal toxicities at maternal exposures that were 0.6 and 1.5 times the human clinical exposure, respectively, based on area under the curve (AUC). Advise pregnant women of the potential risk to a fetus. Advise women of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during therapy with KRYXANA and for at least 3 weeks after the last dose [see Pregnancy and Females and Males of Reproductive Potential under Use in Pregnancy & Lactation and Pharmacology: Mechanism of Action under Actions].
Hepatic Impairment: No dose adjustment is necessary in patients with mild hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh class A). A reduced starting dose of 400 mg is recommended in patients with moderate (Child-Pugh class B) and severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh class C) [see Dose Modifications under Dosage & Administration]. Based on a pharmacokinetic trial in patients with hepatic impairment, mild hepatic impairment had no effect on the exposure of ribociclib. The mean exposure for ribociclib was increased less than 2-fold in patients with moderate (geometric mean ratio [GMR]: 1.44 for C_max; 1.28 for AUC_inf) and severe (GMR: 1.32 for C_max; 1.29 for AUC_inf) hepatic impairment [see Pharmacology: Pharmacokinetics under Actions].
Renal Impairment: Based on a population pharmacokinetic analysis, no dose adjustment is necessary in patients with mild (60 mL/min/1.73 m² ≤ estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 90 mL/min/1.73 m²) or moderate (30 mL/min/1.73 m² ≤ eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m²) renal impairment. Based on a renal impairment study in healthy subjects and non-cancer subjects with severe renal impairment (eGFR 15 to < 30 mL/min/1.73 m²), a starting dose of 200 mg is recommended. KRYXANA has not been studied in breast cancer patients with severe renal impairment [see Dose Modifications under Dosage & Administration and Pharmacology: Pharmacokinetics under Actions].
Use in Children: The safety and efficacy of KRYXANA in pediatric patients has not been established.
Use in the Elderly: Of 334 patients who received KRYXANA in MONALEESA-2, 150 patients (45%) were ≥ 65 years of age and 35 patients (11%) were ≥ 75 years of age. Of 484 patients who received KRYXANA in MONALEESA-3, 226 patients (47%) were ≥ 65 years of age and 65 patients (14%) were ≥ 75 years of age. No overall differences in safety or effectiveness of KRYXANA were observed between these patients and younger patients.

Pregnancy: Risk Summary: Based on findings from animal studies and the mechanism of action, KRYXANA can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman [see Pharmacology: Mechanism of Action under Actions].
There are no available human data informing the drug-associated risk. In animal reproduction studies, administration of ribociclib to pregnant animals during organogenesis resulted in increased incidences of post implantation loss and reduced fetal weights in rats and increased incidences of fetal abnormalities in rabbits at exposures 0.6 or 1.5 times the exposure in humans, respectively, at the highest recommended dose of 600 mg/day based on AUC (see Data as follows). Advise pregnant women of the potential risk to a fetus.
The background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. However, the background risk of major birth defects is 2%-4% and of miscarriage is 15%-20% of clinically recognized pregnancies in the U.S. general population.
Data: Animal Data: In embryo-fetal development studies in rats and rabbits, pregnant animals received oral doses of ribociclib up to 1000 mg/kg/day and 60 mg/kg/day, respectively, during the period of organogenesis.
In rats, 300 mg/kg/day resulted in reduced maternal body weight gain and reduced fetal weights accompanied by skeletal changes related to the lower fetal weights. There were no significant effects on embryo-fetal viability or fetal morphology at 50 or 300 mg/kg/day.
In rabbits at doses ≥ 30 mg/kg/day, there were adverse effects on embryo-fetal development including increased incidences of fetal abnormalities (malformations and external, visceral and skeletal variants) and fetal growth (lower fetal weights). These findings included reduced/small lung lobes, additional vessel on the descending aorta, additional vessel on the aortic arch, small eyes, diaphragmatic hernia, absent accessory lobe or (partly) fused lung lobes, reduced/small accessory lung lobe, extra/rudimentary 13^th ribs, misshapen hyoid bone, bent hyoid bone alae, and reduced number of phalanges in the pollex. There was no evidence of increased incidence of embryo-fetal mortality. There was no maternal toxicity observed at 30 mg/kg/day.
At 300 mg/kg/day in rats and 30 mg/kg/day in rabbits, the maternal systemic exposures (AUC) were approximately 0.6 and 1.5 times, respectively, the exposure in patients at the highest recommended dose of 600 mg/day.
Lactation: Risk Summary: It is not known if ribociclib is present in human milk. There are no data on the effects of ribociclib on the breastfed infant or on milk production. Ribociclib and its metabolites readily passed into the milk of lactating rats. Because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in breastfed infants from KRYXANA, advise lactating women not to breastfeed while taking KRYXANA and for at least 3 weeks after the last dose.
Data: In lactating rats administered a single dose of 50 mg/kg, exposure to ribociclib was 3.56-fold higher in milk compared to maternal plasma.
Females and Males of Reproductive Potential: Based on animal studies and mechanism of action, KRYXANA can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman [see Pregnancy as previously mentioned].
Pregnancy Testing: Verify pregnancy status in females of reproductive potential prior to starting treatment with KRYXANA.
Contraception: Females: Advise females of reproductive potential to use effective contraception (methods that result in less than 1% pregnancy rates) during treatment with KRYXANA and for at least 3 weeks after the last dose.
Infertility: Males: Based on animal studies, KRYXANA may impair fertility in males of reproductive potential [see Pharmacology: Nonclinical Toxicology: Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility under Actions].

The following adverse reactions are discussed in greater detail in other sections of the monograph: Interstitial Lung Disease/Pneumonitis [see Interstitial Lung Disease/Pneumonitis under Precautions]; Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reactions [see Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reactions under Precautions]; QT Interval Prolongation [see QT Interval Prolongation and Increased QT Prolongation With Concomitant Use of Tamoxifen under Precautions]; Hepatobiliary Toxicity [see Hepatobiliary Toxicity under Precautions]; Neutropenia [see Neutropenia under Precautions].
Clinical Trials Experience: Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.
MONALEESA-2: KRYXANA in Combination with Letrozole: Postmenopausal Women with HR-positive, HER2-negative Advanced or Metastatic Breast Cancer for Initial Endocrine-Based Therapy: The safety data reported as follows are based on MONALEESA-2, a clinical study of 668 postmenopausal women receiving KRYXANA plus letrozole or placebo plus letrozole. The median duration of exposure to KRYXANA plus letrozole was 13 months with 58% of patients exposed for ≥ 12 months.
Dose reductions due to adverse reactions (ARs) occurred in 45% of patients receiving KRYXANA plus letrozole and in 3% of patients receiving placebo plus letrozole. Among patients receiving KRYXANA plus letrozole, 7% were reported to have permanently discontinued both KRYXANA and letrozole and 7% were reported to have permanently discontinued KRYXANA alone due to ARs. Among patients receiving placebo plus letrozole, 2% were reported to have permanently discontinued both and 0.9% were reported to have permanently discontinued placebo alone due to ARs. Adverse reactions leading to treatment discontinuation of KRYXANA in patients receiving KRYXANA plus letrozole were ALT increased (4%), AST increased (3%), vomiting (2%). Antiemetics and antidiarrheal medications were used to manage symptoms as clinically indicated.
On-treatment deaths, regardless of causality, were reported in three cases (0.9%) of KRYXANA plus letrozole treated patients vs. one case (0.3%) of placebo plus letrozole treated patients. Causes of death on KRYXANA plus letrozole included one case each of the following: progressive disease, death (cause unknown), and sudden death (in the setting of Grade 3 hypokalemia and Grade 2 QT prolongation).
The most common ARs (reported at a frequency ≥ 20% on the KRYXANA arm and ≥ 2% higher than placebo) were neutropenia, nausea, fatigue, diarrhea, leukopenia, alopecia, vomiting, constipation, headache, and back pain.
The most common Grade 3/4 ARs (reported at a frequency ≥ 5%) were neutropenia, leukopenia, abnormal liver function tests, and lymphopenia.
In MONALEESA-2, syncope occurred in 9 patients (3%) in the KRYXANA plus letrozole arm vs. 3 (1%) in placebo plus letrozole arm.
Adverse reactions and laboratory abnormalities occurring in patients in MONALEESA-2 are listed in Table 12 and Table 13, respectively. (See Table 12.)

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Additional adverse reactions in MONALEESA-2 for patients receiving KRYXANA plus letrozole included interstitial lung disease (0.3%), lung infiltration (0.3%), pneumonitis (0.3%), and pulmonary fibrosis (0.6%). (See Table 13.)

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MONALEESA-7: KRYXANA in Combination with an Aromatase Inhibitor: Pre/perimenopausal Patients with HR-positive, HER2-negative Advanced or Metastatic Breast Cancer for Initial Endocrine-Based Therapy: MONALEESA-7 was conducted in 672 pre/perimenopausal patients with HR-positive, HER2-negative advanced or metastatic breast cancer receiving either KRYXANA plus a NSAI or tamoxifen plus goserelin or placebo plus NSAI or tamoxifen plus goserelin. The median duration of exposure on the KRYXANA arm was 15.2 months with 66% of patients exposed for ≥ 12 months. The safety data reported as follows are based on 495 pre/perimenopausal patients receiving KRYXANA plus NSAI plus goserelin or placebo plus NSAI plus goserelin.
Dose reductions due to ARs occurred in 33% of patients receiving KRYXANA plus NSAI plus goserelin, and in 4% of patients receiving placebo plus NSAI plus goserelin. Among patients receiving KRYXANA plus NSAI, 3% were reported to have permanently discontinued both KRYXANA and NSAI and 3% were reported to have permanently discontinued KRYXANA alone due to ARs. Among patients receiving placebo plus NSAI, 2% were reported to have permanently discontinued both and 0.8% were reported to have permanently discontinued placebo alone due to ARs. Adverse reactions leading to treatment discontinuation on KRYXANA in patients receiving KRYXANA plus NSAI (as compared to the placebo arm) were ALT increased (2% vs. 0.8%), AST increased (2% vs. 0.8%), drug-induced liver injury (1% vs. 0.4%). One patient (0.4%) died while on treatment with KRYXANA plus NSAI plus goserelin due to the underlying malignancy.
The most common ARs (reported at a frequency ≥ 20% on the KRYXANA arm and ≥ 2% higher than placebo) were neutropenia, infections, leukopenia, arthralgia, nausea, and alopecia. The most common Grade 3/4 ARs (reported at a frequency ≥ 5%) were neutropenia, leukopenia, and abnormal liver function tests. See Table 14 as follows.
Adverse reactions and laboratory abnormalities occurring in patients in MONALEESA-7 are listed in Table 14 and Table 15, respectively. (See Table 14.)

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Additional adverse reactions in MONALEESA-7 for patients receiving KRYXANA plus NSAI included asthenia (12%), thrombocytopenia (9%), dry skin (8%), oropharyngeal pain (7%), dyspepsia (5%), lacrimation increased (4%), dry eye (4%), vitiligo (3%), hypocalcemia (2%), blood bilirubin increased (1%), syncope (0.4%), and pneumonitis (0.4%). (See Table 15.)

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MONALEESA-3: KRYXANA in Combination with Fulvestrant: Postmenopausal Patients with HR-positive, HER2-negative Advanced or Metastatic Breast Cancer for Initial Endocrine-Based Therapy or After Disease Progression on Endocrine Therapy: The safety data reported as follows are based on MONALEESA-3, a clinical study of 724 postmenopausal women receiving KRYXANA plus fulvestrant or placebo plus fulvestrant. The median duration of exposure to KRYXANA plus fulvestrant was 15.8 months with 58% of patients exposed for ≥ 12 months.
Dose reductions due to ARs occurred in 32% of patients receiving KRYXANA plus fulvestrant and in 3% of patients receiving placebo plus fulvestrant. Among patients receiving KRYXANA plus fulvestrant, 8% were reported to have permanently discontinued both KRYXANA and fulvestrant and 9% were reported to have discontinued KRYXANA alone due to ARs. Among patients receiving placebo plus fulvestrant, 4% were reported to have permanently discontinued both and 2% were reported to have discontinued placebo alone due to ARs. Adverse reactions leading to treatment discontinuation of KRYXANA in patients receiving KRYXANA plus fulvestrant (as compared to the placebo arm) were ALT increased (5% vs. 0%), AST increased (3% vs. 0.6%), and vomiting (1% vs. 0%).
On-treatment deaths, regardless of causality, were reported in seven patients (1.4%) due to the underlying malignancy and six patients (1.2%) due to other causes while on treatment with KRYXANA plus fulvestrant. Causes of death included one pulmonary embolism, one acute respiratory distress syndrome, one cardiac failure, one pneumonia, one hemorrhagic shock, and one ventricular arrhythmia. Seven patients (2.9%) died due to the underlying malignancy and 1 patient (0.4%) died due to pulmonary embolism while on placebo plus fulvestrant.
The most common ARs (reported at a frequency ≥ 20% on the KRYXANA arm and ≥ 2% higher than placebo) were neutropenia, infections, leukopenia, cough, nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, constipation, pruritus, and rash. The most common Grade 3/4 ARs (reported at a frequency ≥ 5%) were neutropenia, leukopenia, infections, and abnormal liver function tests. See Table 16.
Adverse reactions and laboratory abnormalities occurring in patients in MONALEESA-3 are listed in Table 16 and Table 17, respectively. (See Table 16.)

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Additional adverse reactions in MONALEESA-3 for patients receiving KRYXANA plus fulvestrant included asthenia (14%), dyspepsia (10%), thrombocytopenia (9%), dry skin (8%), dysgeusia (7%), dry mouth (5%), vertigo (5%), dry eye (5%), lacrimation increased (4%), erythema (4%), hypocalcemia (4%), blood bilirubin increased (1%), syncope (1%), interstitial lung disease (0.4%), pneumonitis (0.4%), hypersensitivity pneumonitis (0.2%), and acute respiratory distress syndrome (0.2%). (See Table 17.)

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COMPLEEMENT-1: KRYXANA in Combination with Letrozole and Goserelin or Leuprolide: Men with HR-positive, HER2-negative Advanced Breast Cancer for Initial Endocrine-Based Therapy: The safety of KRYXANA in combination with letrozole was evaluated in men (n=39) in an open-label, multicenter clinical study for the treatment of adult patients with HR-positive, HER2-negative, advanced breast cancer who received no prior hormonal therapy for advanced disease (COMPLEEMENT-1) [see Pharmacology: Pharmacodynamics: Clinical Studies under Actions].
The median duration of exposure to KRYXANA was 20.8 months (range: 0.5 to 30.6 months).
Other adverse reactions occurring in men treated with KRYXANA plus letrozole and goserelin or leuprolide were similar to those occurring in women treated with KRYXANA plus endocrine therapy.
Postmarketing Experience: The following adverse events have been reported during post-approval use of KRYXANA. Because these events are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure.
Respiratory disorders: Interstitial lung disease/pneumonitis.
Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue Disorders: Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS), Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), Drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome (DiHS)/Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS).

Drugs That May Increase Ribociclib Plasma Concentrations: CYP3A4 Inhibitors: Coadministration of a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor (ritonavir) increased ribociclib exposure in healthy subjects by 3.2-fold [see Pharmacology: Pharmacokinetics under Actions]. Avoid concomitant use of strong CYP3A inhibitors (e.g., boceprevir, clarithromycin, conivaptan, grapefruit juice, indinavir, itraconazole, ketoconazole, lopinavir/ritonavir, nefazodone, nelfinavir, posaconazole, ritonavir, saquinavir, and voriconazole) and consider alternative concomitant medications with less potential for CYP3A inhibition.
If coadministration of KRYXANA with a strong CYP3A inhibitor cannot be avoided, reduce the dose of KRYXANA to 400 mg once daily [see Dose Modifications under Dosage & Administration].
Instruct patients to avoid grapefruit or grapefruit juice, which are known to inhibit cytochrome CYP3A enzymes and may increase the exposure to ribociclib.
Drugs That May Decrease Ribociclib Plasma Concentrations: CYP3A4 Inducers: Coadministration of a strong CYP3A4 inducer (rifampin) decreased the plasma exposure of ribociclib in healthy subjects by 89% [see Pharmacology: Pharmacokinetics under Actions]. Avoid concomitant use of strong CYP3A inducers and consider an alternate concomitant medication with no or minimal potential to induce CYP3A (e.g., phenytoin, rifampin, carbamazepine and St John's Wort (Hypericum perforatum)).
Effect of KRYXANA on Other Drugs: CYP3A Substrates with Narrow Therapeutic Index: Coadministration of midazolam (a sensitive CYP3A4 substrate) with multiple doses of KRYXANA (400 mg) increased the midazolam exposure by 3.8-fold in healthy subjects, compared with administration of midazolam alone [see Pharmacology: Pharmacokinetics under Actions]. KRYXANA given at the clinically relevant dose of 600 mg is predicted to increase the midazolam AUC by 5.2-fold. Therefore, caution is recommended when KRYXANA is administered with CYP3A substrates with a narrow therapeutic index. The dose of a sensitive CYP3A substrate with a narrow therapeutic index, including but not limited to alfentanil, cyclosporine, dihydroergotamine, ergotamine, everolimus, fentanyl, pimozide, quinidine, sirolimus and tacrolimus, may need to be reduced as ribociclib can increase their exposure.
Drugs That Prolong the QT Interval: Avoid coadministration of KRYXANA with medicinal products with a known potential to prolong QT such as antiarrhythmic medicines (including, but not limited to amiodarone, disopyramide, procainamide, quinidine and sotalol), and other drugs that are known to prolong the QT interval (including, but not limited to, chloroquine, halofantrine, clarithromycin, haloperidol, methadone, moxifloxacin, bepridil, pimozide, and ondansetron) [see QT Interval Prolongation under Precautions and Pharmacology: Pharmacodynamics under Actions].

Do not store above 30°C.

Targeted Cancer Therapy

L01EF02 - ribociclib ; Belongs to the class of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors. Used in the treatment of cancer.

B