Each oral suspension contains 250mg/5ml of paracetamol.
Pharmacology: Pharmacodynamics: Paracetamol, a para-aminophenol derivative, has analgesic and antipyretic properties and weak anti-inflammatory activity.
Pharmacokinetics: Absorption: Paracetamol is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract with peak plasma concentrations occurring about 10 to 60 minutes after oral doses.
Distribution: Paracetamol is distributed into most body tissues. It crosses the placenta and is present in breast milk. Plasma-protein binding is negligible at usual therapeutic concentrations but increases with increasing concentrations.
Metabolism: Paracetamol is metabolised mainly in the liver. A minor hydroxylated metabolite (N-acetyl-p-benzoquinoneimine), is usually produced in very small amounts by cytochrome P450 isoenzymes (mainly CYP2E1 and CYP3A4) in the liver and kidney. It is usually detoxified by conjugation with glutathione but may accumulate after paracetamol overdosage and cause tissue damage.
Elimination: The elimination half-life of paracetamol varies from about 1 to 3 hours. Paracetamol is excreted in the urine mainly as the glucuronide and sulfate conjugates. Less than 5% is excreted as unchanged paracetamol.
Avamol is given orally for mild to moderate pain and for fever.
For oral use only.
To be taken before or after food with a glass of water.
May be given every 4 to 6 hours, up to a maximum of 4 doses in a day.
Adults: 10ml - 20ml (500mg-1g).
Children: 3 months to 1 year: 1.2ml - 2.4ml (60-120mg).
1 to 5 years: 2.4ml- 5ml (120-250mg).
6 to 12 years: 5ml - 10ml (250-500mg).
(See equation and table.)
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Overdosage with paracetamol can result in severe liver damage and sometimes acute renal tubular necrosis. Prompt treatment with acetylcysteine or methionine is essential.
Early signs of overdosage (very commonly nausea and vomiting although they may also include lethargy and sweating) usually settle within 24 hours. Abdominal pain may be the first indication of liver damage, which is not usually apparent for 24 to 48 hours and sometimes may be delayed for up to 4 to 6 days after ingestion. Liver damage is generally at a maximum 72 to 96 hours after ingestion. Hepatic failure, encephalopathy, coma, and death may result.
Acute renal failure with acute tubular necrosis may develop, even in the absence of severe liver damage. Other non-hepatic symptoms that have been reported following paracetamol overdosage include myocardial abnormalities and pancreatitis.
Contraindicated in children who are known hypersensitivity to Paracetamol.
This preparation contains PARACETAMOL.
Do not take any other paracetamol containing medicines at the same.
Allergy alert: Paracetamol may cause severe skin reactions. Symptoms may include skin reddening, blisters or rash. These could be signs of a serious condition. If these reactions occur, stop use and seek medical assistance right away.
Paracetamol should be given with care to patients with impaired kidney or liver function. It should also be given with care to patients with alcohol dependence.
Paracetamol is generally considered to be the analgesic of choice in pregnant patients. However, the frequent use of paracetamol (defined as most days or daily use) in late pregnancy may be associated with an increased risk of persistent wheezing in the infant which may persist into childhood.
No adverse effects have been seen in breastfed infants whose mothers were receiving paracetamol. The amount of paracetamol distributed into breast milk is too small to be harmful to a breast-fed infant.
Adverse effects of paracetamol are rare and usually mild, although haematological reactions including thrombocytopenia, leucopenia, pancytopenia, neutropenia, and agranulocytosis have been reported. Skin rashes and other hypersensitivity reactions occur occasionally.
Cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions including skin rashes, angioedema, Stevens Johnson Syndrome/ Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis have been reported.
The risk of paracetamol toxicity may be increased in patients receiving other potentially hepatotoxic drugs or drugs that induce liver microsomal enzymes. The absorption of paracetamol may be accelerated by drugs such as metoclopramide. Excretion may be affected and plasma concentrations altered when given with probenecid. Colestyramine reduces the absorption of paracetamol if given within 1 hour of paracetamol.
N02BE01 - paracetamol ; Belongs to the class of anilide preparations. Used to relieve pain and fever.
Avamol oral susp 250 mg/5 mL
(orange flavour) 100 mL x 1's
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