History of upper GI disease. Patients receiving anticoagulants. Dehydration, CHF, liver cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome, overt renal disease, patients receiving diuretic or undergone major surgical procedures which led to hypovolemia; end-stage renal failure, frail or debilitated patients, known or risk of CV disease, HTN, fluid retention or heart failure. May mask symptoms of underlying infectious disease & impair fertility. May affect ability to drive or operate machinery. Galactose intolerance, Lapp-lactase deficiency or glucose-galactose malabsorption. Elderly.