Fluimucil Mechanism of Action

Pharmacology: Mechanism of Action: N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a derivative of the naturally occurring amino acid, cysteine. N-acetylcysteine exerts an intensive mucolytic-fluidifying action on mucous and mucopurulent secretions through its free sulfhydryl group in the molecule by cleaving the intra- and intermolecular disulfide bonds in glycoprotein aggregates. Thus, by depolymerizing of the mucoprotein complexes and the nucleic acids which confer viscosity to the vitreous and purulent component of the sputum and of the secretions. Furthermore, it presents antiphlogistic effects and enhances mucous regeneration.
N-acetylcysteine exerts a direct antioxidant action, being provided with a free thiol (-SH) nucleophilic group which is able to interact directly with the electrophilic group of the oxidant radicals. Of particular interest is the recent demonstration that NAC protects α₁ antitrypsin, enzyme-inhibiting elastase from inactivation due to the action of hypochlorous acid (HOCl), a reactive oxidant agent produced by the myeloperoxidase enzyme of activated phagocytes. Through its molecular structure, NAC can easily cross the cellular membranes. Inside the cell, NAC is deacetylized to L-cysteine, an amino acid indispensable for the glutathione synthesis (GSH). GSH is a highly reactive tripeptide, found ubiquitously in the various tissue of animals and is essential for the maintenance of functional capacity as well as cellular morphological integrity, as it represents the most important protective, endocellular mechanism against oxidant radical, either of external or internal nature, as well as toward numerous cytotoxic substances. N-acetylcysteine plays a role of primary importance in the maintenance of adequate GSH levels that contributes to the cellular protection from harmful agents, which through progressive GSH depletion, would be able to express their cytotoxic action, as in case of acetaminophen poisoning. Due to this mechanism of action, NAC is also indicated as a specific antidote in acetaminophen poisoning. In the course of a cyclophosphamide treatment and hemorrhagic cystitis, it provides SH-groups necessary to inactivate acrolein, a toxic metabolite that is reported to be responsible for uropathy during the chemotherapy. Acetylcysteine can also protect the respiratory tract by opposing the harmful effect of the oxidant agents.
Granules: 600 mg: Fluimucil 600 mg granule contains active substance Acetylcysteine 600 mgwhich is able is to thin and dissolve thick phlegm stuck in the respiratory tract, making it easierto be expelled.
Pharmacokinetics: Capsule/Dry Syrup: N-acetylcysteine is rapidly absorbed after oral administration and distributed to the body tissues including the lung. It is well-tolerated by intestine.