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Pregnancy: There are no restrictions on the use of insulin during pregnancy since insulin does not cross the placental barrier. Published studies with human insulins suggest that optimizing overall glycemic control, including postprandial control, before conception and during pregnancy improves fetal outcome. Although the fetal complications of maternal hyperglycemia have been well documented, fetal toxicity also has been reported with maternal hypoglycemia. Insulin requirements usually fall during the first trimester and increase during the second and third trimesters. Careful monitoring of the patient is required throughout pregnancy. During the perinatal period, careful monitoring of infants born to mothers with diabetes is warranted.
Nursing Mothers: There are no restrictions on the use of insulin in lactating mothers as insulin treatment of nursing mothers does not involve any risk to the baby. However, caution should be exercised when administered to nursing mothers and the dosage of insulin may be reduced.
