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Povidone-Iodine can cause hypersensitivity reactions and irritation of the mucous membranes, although severe reactions are rare and Povidone-Iodine is considered to be less irritant than iodine. The excessive iodine absorption or prolonged use may produce the systemic adverse effects such as metabolic acidosis, hypernatremia, and renal impairment. Hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism may occur after ingestion or absorption of large quantities. Hypothyroidism has occurred in neonates both as a result of absorption of Iodine from Povidone-Iodine applied to the neonate and also to the mother during pregnancy or breast feeding. Povidone-Iodine application is contra-indicated in premature neonates or those weighing less than 1.5 kg.
Regular or prolonged use should be avoided in patients with thyroid disorders or those receiving lithium therapy.
