Synactiv Special Precautions

Levocetirizine: Precaution is recommended with concurrent intake of alcohol.
Caution should be taken in patients with predisposing factors of urinary retention (e.g. spinal cord lesion, prostatic hyperplasia) as levocetirizine may increase the risk of urinary retention.
Caution should be taken in patients with epilepsy and patients at risk of convulsion as levocetirizine may cause seizure aggravation.
Response to allergy skin tests are inhibited by antihistamines and a wash-out period (of 3 days) is required before performing them.
Patients with rare hereditary problems of galactose intolerance, the Lapp lactase deficiency or glucose-galactose malabsorption should not take this medicine.
Pruritus may occur when levocetirizine is stopped even if those symptoms were not present before treatment initiation. The symptoms may resolve spontaneously. In some cases, the symptoms may be intense and may require treatment to be restarted. The symptoms should resolve when the treatment is restarted.
Betamethasone: Dosage adjustments may be required with remission or exacerbation of the disease process, the patient's individual response to therapy and exposure of the patient to emotional or physical stress such as serious infection, surgery or injury. Monitoring may be necessary for up to one year following cessation of long-term or high dose corticosteroid therapy.
Corticosteroids may mask some signs of infection, and new infections may appear during use. When corticosteroids are used, decreased resistance and inability to localize infection may occur.
Prolonged corticosteroid use may produce posterior sub capsular cataracts (especially in children), glaucoma with possible damage to the optic nerves, and may enhance secondary ocular infections due to fungi or viruses.
Average and large doses of corticosteroids can cause elevation of blood pressure, salt and water retention, and increased excretion of potassium. These effects are less likely to occur with the synthetic derivatives except when used in large doses. Dietary salt restriction and potassium supplementation may be considered. All corticosteroids increase calcium excretion.
While on corticosteroid therapy patients should not be vaccinated against smallpox. Other immunization procedures should not be undertaken in patients receiving corticosteroids, especially high doses, because of possible hazards of neurological complications and lack of antibody response. However, immunization procedures may be undertaken in patients who are receiving corticosteroids as replacement therapy, e.g., for Addison disease. Patients who are on immunosuppressant doses of corticosteroids should be warned to avoid exposure to chickenpox or measles and, if exposed, to obtain medical advice.
This is of particular importance in children.
Corticosteroid therapy in active tuberculosis should be restricted to those cases of fulminating or disseminated tuberculosis in which the corticosteroid is used for management in conjunction with an appropriate anti-tuberculous regimen.
If corticosteroids are indicated in patients with latent tuberculosis or tuberculin reactivity, close observation is necessary since reactivation of the disease may occur. During prolonged corticosteroid therapy, patients should receive chemoprophylaxis. If rifampin is used in a chemoprophylactic program, its enhancing effect on metabolic hepatic clearance of corticosteroids should be considered; adjustment in corticosteroid dosage may be required.
The lowest possible dose of corticosteroid should be used to control the condition under treatment; when dosage reduction is possible, it should be gradual.
Drug-induced secondary adrenocortical insufficiency may result from too rapid corticosteroid withdrawal and may be minimized by gradual dosage reduction. Such relative insufficiency may persist for months after discontinuation of therapy; therefore, if stress occurs during that period, corticotherapy should be reinstituted. If the patient is receiving corticosteroids already, dosage may have to be increased. Since mineralocorticoid secretion may be impaired, salt and/or a mineralocorticosteroid should be administered concurrently. Corticosteroid effect is enhanced in patients with hypothyroidism or in those with cirrhosis. Cautious use of corticosteroids is advised in patients with ocular herpes simplex because of possible corneal perforation.
Psychic derangements may appear with corticosteroid therapy. Existing emotional instability or psychotic tendencies may be aggravated by corticosteroids.
Corticosteroids should be used with caution in: nonspecific ulcerative colitis, if there is a probability of impending perforation, abscess, or other pyogenic infection; diverticulitis; fresh intestinal anastomoses; active or latent peptic ulcer; renal insufficiency; hypertension; osteoporosis; and myasthenia gravis. Since complications of glucocorticosteroid treatment are dependent on dose, size and duration of treatment, a risk/benefit decision must be made with each patient.
Since corticosteroid administration can disturb growth rates and inhibit endogenous corticosteroid production in infants and children, the growth and development of these patients receiving prolonged therapy should be followed carefully.
Corticosteroids may alter the motility and number of spermatozoa in some patients.