Klaryth

Clarithromycin

Resp tract infections (eg, pharyngitis/tonsillitis, acute maxillary sinusitis, chronic bronchitis, pneumonia) including otitis media; skin & soft tissue infection; prophylaxis & treatment of opportunistic Mycobacterial infections; treatment of leprosy. Prevention of disseminated infection due to M. avium (MAC) in patients w/ advanced HIV infection. Protozoal infection, including toxoplasmosis. Eradicates H. pylori in treatment regimens for PUD.

Childn 30-40 kg 10 mL bid, 20-29 kg 7.5 mL bid, 12-19 kg 5 mL bid, 8-11 kg 2.5 mL bid, <8 kg 7.5 mg/kg daily. Usual duration: 5-10 days depending on the pathogen & severity of the condition.

May be taken with or without food: May be taken w/ milk.

Hypersensitivity to macrolide antibiotics. Concomitant w/ astemizole, cisapride & terfenadine.

Consider diagnosis of pseudomembranous colitis in patients who develop diarrhea. Cross-resistance to other macrolide drugs, lincomycin & clindamycin. Renal or hepatic impairment. Pregnancy & lactation.

GI disturbances eg, nausea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, vomiting & diarrhea. Taste disturbances, stomatitis, glossitis & tooth decoloration; transient elevation of liver enzyme values, cholestatic jaundice & hepatitis; headache & rashes; transient CNS effects eg, anxiety, dizziness, insomnia, hallucinations & confusion; hearing loss (reversible); hypoglycemia & thrombocytopenia; thrombocytopenic purpura, corneal opacities; pseudomembranous colitis associated w/ Clostridium difficile, acute psychoses, pancreatitis, QT prolongation & Torsade de pointes, fever & leukocytoclastic vasculitis.

Increased rifabutin toxicity. Delirium may occur w/ fluoxetine. Elevated plasma conc & prolonged half-life w/ HIV-PIs eg, ritonavir. Decreased plasma conc & increased hydroxyl metabolite w/ efavirenz. Decreased conc of zidovudine. Altered pharmacokinetic parameters w/ cimetidine. Increased conc w/ omeprazole. Enhanced activity of antimycobacterials eg, ethambutol, INH, pyrazinamide & rifampicin. Increased serum conc of theophylline & digoxin. Increased plasma conc of carbamazepine & terfenadine. Increased mean steady-state C_min & AUC w/ fluconazole. Potentiated effects of oral anticoagulants. Colchicine toxicity. Torsades de pointes w/ quinidine or disopyramide. Acute toxicity w/ ergotamine or dihydroergotamine. CNS effects w/ triazolobenzodiazepines (eg, triazolam & alprazolam) & other related benzodiazepines (eg, midazolam). Rhabdomyolysis w/ HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (eg, lovastatin & simvastatin). Increased AUC of sildenafil. CYP3A based interactions w/ cyclosporine, carbamazepine, tacrolimus, alfentanil, disopyramide, rifabutin, quinidine, methylprednisolone, cilostazole & bromocriptine. Drugs not metabolized by CYP3A including hexobarbital, phenytoin & valproate.

Macrolides

J01FA09 - clarithromycin ; Belongs to the class of macrolides. Used in the systemic treatment of infections.

Rx