Acamprosate


Generic Medicine Info
Indications and Dosage
Oral
Alcohol abstinence
Adult: 18-65 yr ≥60 kg: 666 mg tid; <60 kg: 666 mg at breakfast, 333 mg at midday and 333 mg at night. Treatment should be started as soon as possible after the withdrawal period; maintain even if patient relapses. Recommended duration: 1 yr.
Elderly: >65 yr Not recommended.
Renal Impairment
CrCl (mL/min) Dosage
<30 Contraindicated.
30-50 Initially, 333 mg tid.
Hepatic Impairment
Severe: Contraindicated.
Administration
Should be taken with food. Take at meal times.
Contraindications
Severe hepatic or renal impairment (CrCl <30 mL/min). Lactation.
Special Precautions
Patient w/ suicidal ideation. Moderate renal impairment (CrCl 30-50 mL/min). Elderly (>65 yr). Pregnancy.
Adverse Reactions
Nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, asthenia, abdominal pain, pruritus, maculopapular rash, depression, fluctuations in libido. Rarely, bullous skin reactions, hypersensitivity reactions including urticaria, angioedema and anaphylaxis.
Patient Counseling Information
This drug may cause CNS depression, if affected, do not drive or operate machinery.
Monitoring Parameters
Monitor renal function; signs of depression and/or suicidal thinking.
Overdosage
Symptoms: Diarrhoea; hypercalcaemia may be considered in chronic overdose. Management: Symptomatic and supportive treatment.
Drug Interactions
Increased plasma concentrations w/ naltrexone.
Food Interaction
Food reduces absorption.
Action
Description:
Mechanism of Action: Acamprosate affects the balance of GABA and glutamate neurotransmitters by decreasing glutamatergic transmission and modulation of neuronal hyperexcitability.
Pharmacokinetics:
Absorption: Slowly absorbed from the GI tract. Reduced absorption w/ food. Bioavailability: Approx 11%. Time to peak plasma concentration: 3-8 hr.
Distribution: Crosses the blood-brain barrier. Volume of distribution: Approx 1 L/kg.
Excretion: Via urine as unchanged drug. Elimination half-life: 20-33 hr.
Chemical Structure

Chemical Structure Image
Acamprosate

Source: National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Database. Acamprosate, CID=71158, https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Acamprosate (accessed on Jan. 20, 2020)

Storage
Store at 25°C.
MIMS Class
Drugs Used in Substance Dependence
ATC Classification
N07BB03 - acamprosate ; Belongs to the class of drugs used in the management of alcohol dependence.
References
Acamprosate Calcium Tablet, Delayed Release (Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Inc., USA). DailyMed. Source: U.S. National Library of Medicine. https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/. Accessed 23/11/2015.

Anon. Acamprosate. Lexicomp Online. Hudson, Ohio. Wolters Kluwer Clinical Drug Information, Inc. https://online.lexi.com. Accessed 23/11/2015.

Buckingham R (ed). Acamprosate Calcium. Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference [online]. London. Pharmaceutical Press. https://www.medicinescomplete.com. Accessed 23/11/2015.

McEvoy GK, Snow EK, Miller J et al (eds). Acamprosate Calcium. AHFS Drug Information (AHFS DI) [online]. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP). https://www.medicinescomplete.com. Accessed 23/11/2015.

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