Serious or severe infections caused by susceptible strains of methicillin (β-lactam)-resistant Staph. Penicillin-allergic patients, or patient who cannot receive or who have failed to respond to penicillins or cephalosporin. Infection caused by vancomycin-sensitive microorganisms. Staphylococcal, enterococci or diphtheroid endocarditis. In combination w/ rifampin, aminoglycosides or both in rapid-onset prosthetic valve endocarditis caused by S. epidermidis or diphtheroids.
IVAdult 500 mg 6 hrly or 1 g 12 hrly over a period of 60 min. Max: 10 mg/min. Childn 10 mg/kg 6 hrly over a period of 60 min. Infant & neonate Initially 15 mg/kg, followed by 10 mg/kg 12 hrly for infants in 1st wk of birth & 8 hrly for 1 mth old infants. All doses are to be given for over a period of 60 min. Renal impairment (mild to moderate) & elderly Initial dose should be no <15 mg/kg.
Temporary or permanent ototoxicity. Periodically test hearing function to minimize risk of ototoxicity. Prolonged use may result in overgrowth of non-susceptible microorganisms. Pseudomembranous colitis can occur due to C. difficile. Monitor leukocyte count in patients receiving IV treatment that may cause reversible neutropenia. Irritating to tissue therefore should be given IV. Superinfection may occur. Intrathecal eg, intralumbar or intraventricular administration. Patients w/ kidney failure. Periodically examine renal function in patients w/ impaired kidney function or patients treated w/ other aminoglycosides in order to reduce the risk of nephrotoxicity. Pregnancy & lactation. Concomitant use w/ anesth prep may result to erythema & histamine-like flushing in childn.
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