Dexchlorpheniramine


Generic Medicine Info
Indications and Dosage
Oral
Allergic conditions
Adult: 2 mg 4-6 hourly. Max: 12 mg daily.
Child: 2-5 years 0.5 mg 4-6 hourly; 6-12 years 1 mg 4-6 hourly; >12 years Same as adult dose.
Administration
May be taken with or without food.
Contraindications
Treatment of lower respiratory tract infections, and asthma. Newborns or premature infants. Lactation. Concomitant or within 14 days of MAOI use.
Special Precautions
Patient with CV disease (e.g. hypertension, ischemic heart disease), narrow-angle glaucoma, prostatic hypertrophy, bladder neck obstruction, pyloroduodenal obstruction, stenosing peptic ulcer, and thyroid dysfunction. Children and elderly. Pregnancy.
Adverse Reactions
Significant: CNS depression.
Eye disorders: Mydriasis, dry eyes.
Gastrointestinal disorders: Dry mouth, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea.
Nervous system disorders: Sedation, headache, dizziness, confusion, excitability, hallucinations, seizures.
Renal and urinary disorders: Urinary retention.
Vascular disorders: Hypotension.
Patient Counseling Information
This drug may cause drowsiness, if affected, do not drive or operate machinery.
Overdosage
Symptoms: Sedation, apnoea, arrhythmias, CV collapse, cyanosis, decreased mental alertness; paradoxical excitation of the CNS (children), hallucinations, insomnia, tremors; blurred vision, dizziness, hypotension, tinnitus; dry mouth, fixed dilated pupils, flushing, gastrointestinal symptoms, and hyperthermia. Management: Symptomatic and supportive treatment. Immediately induce vomiting. Administer saline cathartics (e.g. milk of magnesia) to dilute gastrointestinal contents. May give vasopressors to treat hypotension.
Drug Interactions
Increased sedative effects with opioid analgesics, sedatives, and hypnotics. Increased anticholinergic activity with TCAs.
Potentially Fatal: Increased anticholinergic effects with MAOIs.
Food Interaction
Increased CNS depression with alcohol.
Action
Description:
Mechanism of Action: Dexchlorpheniramine is the dextrorotatory isomer of chlorphenamine with approximately twice its activity by weight. It competes with free histamine for binding at the H1-receptor sites on effector cells in the gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract, and the blood vessels.
Pharmacokinetics:
Absorption: Time to peak plasma concentration: Approx 3 hours.
Metabolism: Metabolised in the liver.
Excretion: Via urine. Elimination half-life: 20-30 hours.
Chemical Structure

Chemical Structure Image
Dexchlorpheniramine

Source: National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Compound Summary for CID 33036, Dexchlorpheniramine. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Dexchlorpheniramine. Accessed July 29, 2020.

Storage
Store below 25°C. Protect from light.
MIMS Class
Antihistamines & Antiallergics
ATC Classification
R06AB02 - dexchlorpheniramine ; Belongs to the class of substituted alkylamines used as systemic antihistamines.
References
Anon. Chlorpheniramine. AHFS Clinical Drug Information [online]. Bethesda, MD. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Inc. https://www.ahfscdi.com. Accessed 03/07/2020.

Anon. Dexchlorpheniramine. Lexicomp Online. Hudson, Ohio. Wolters Kluwer Clinical Drug Information, Inc. https://online.lexi.com. Accessed 03/07/2020.

Bayer New Zealand Limited. Polaramine Tablets, Film Coated and Syrup Data Sheet 2 December 2017. Medsafe. http://www.medsafe.govt.nz/. Accessed 03/07/2020.

Buckingham R (ed). Chlorphenamine Maleate. Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference [online]. London. Pharmaceutical Press. https://www.medicinescomplete.com. Accessed 03/07/2020.

Dexchloramine Syrup (Duopharma Manufacturing [Bangi] Sdn Bhd.). National Pharmaceutical Regulatory Agency - Ministry of Health Malaysia. https://www.npra.gov.my/. Accessed 22/07/2020.

Dexchlorpheniramine Maleate Solution (Foxland Pharmaceuticals, Inc.). DailyMed. Source: U.S. National Library of Medicine. https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/. Accessed 03/07/2020.

Disclaimer: This information is independently developed by MIMS based on Dexchlorpheniramine from various references and is provided for your reference only. Therapeutic uses, prescribing information and product availability may vary between countries. Please refer to MIMS Product Monographs for specific and locally approved prescribing information. Although great effort has been made to ensure content accuracy, MIMS shall not be held responsible or liable for any claims or damages arising from the use or misuse of the information contained herein, its contents or omissions, or otherwise. Copyright © 2024 MIMS. All rights reserved. Powered by MIMS.com
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