Cisplatin


Generic Medicine Info
Indications and Dosage
Intravenous
Metastatic ovarian cancer
Adult: As monotherapy: 100 mg/m2 per cycle, given as a single dose infused in 0.9% sodium chloride or glucose once every 4 wk. For combination therapy with cyclophosphamide: 75-100 mg/m2 on day 1 of every 4-wk cycle.

Intravenous
Metastatic testicular tumours
Adult: 20 mg/m2 BSA daily for 5 days per cycle.

Intravenous
Advanced bladder cancer
Adult: 50-70 mg/m2 per cycle once every 3-4 wk, depending on the extent of prior exposure to radiation and/or chemotherapy treatment. An initial dose of 50 mg/m2 every 4 wk may be used in heavily pre-treated patients.
Renal Impairment
Dose adjustment may be needed.
Incompatibility
Incompatible w/ sodium bicarbonate. Y-site incompatibility: Amphotericin B cholesteryl sulfate complex, gallium nitrate, amifostine, cefepime, thiotepa, piperacillin/tazobactam.
Contraindications
Patients with severe renal or auditory disorder, known hypersensitivity, severe bone marrow suppression, peripheral neuropathy, pregnancy, lactation.
Special Precautions
Patients with renal or hepatic disorder, myelosuppression. Monitor renal, neurological and auditory function. Perform blood counts regularly. Maintain adequate hydration before and 24 hr after admin to minimise nephrotoxicity.
Adverse Reactions
Severe nausea and vomiting. Serious toxic effects on the kidneys, bone marrows and ears. Hypomagnesaemia, hypocalcaemia, hyperuricaemia. Peripheral neuropathies, papilloedema, optic neuritis, seizures. Ototoxicity (children) manifested as tinnitus, loss of hearing, deafness or vestibular toxicity.
Potentially Fatal: Rarely, renal damage due to inadequate hydration during therapy. Very rarely life-threatening myelosuppression. Anaphylactoid reactions (rare) and cardiac abnormalities.
IV/Parenteral: D
Overdosage
Acute overdosage may result in kidney failure, liver failure, deafness, ocular toxicity, significant myelosuppression, intractable nausea and vomiting and/or neuritis. Death may also occur following overdosage. Treatment should include general supportive measures.
Drug Interactions
Synergistic with 5-fluorouracil and etoposide. Efficacy increased and toxicity reduced when combined with radioprotecting agent WR 2721. At doses ≤100 mg, cisplatin is an ideal drug to combine with other cytotoxic drugs; unlike other antineoplastic drugs, it causes little myelosuppression.
Potentially Fatal: Potentiates nephrotoxicity with aminoglycosides. Increased toxicity when combined with other cytotoxic drugs.
Action
Description:
Mechanism of Action: Cisplatin modifies cell cycle by interfering with DNA structure and function. Effects are most prominent during the S phase but cells are killed at all stages. Cisplatin synergises with other anticancer drugs e.g. fluorouracil. It has a narrow therapeutic margin and is highly toxic.
Pharmacokinetics:
Absorption: Well absorbed (intraperitoneal).
Distribution: Concentrated in the liver, kidneys, large and small intestines; poor penetration into the CNS.
Excretion: Urine. Elimination half-life: 25-49 min (initial), 58-73 hr (terminal).
Storage
Store at 15-25°C.
MIMS Class
Cytotoxic Chemotherapy
Disclaimer: This information is independently developed by MIMS based on Cisplatin from various references and is provided for your reference only. Therapeutic uses, prescribing information and product availability may vary between countries. Please refer to MIMS Product Monographs for specific and locally approved prescribing information. Although great effort has been made to ensure content accuracy, MIMS shall not be held responsible or liable for any claims or damages arising from the use or misuse of the information contained herein, its contents or omissions, or otherwise. Copyright © 2024 MIMS. All rights reserved. Powered by MIMS.com
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