Thiamphenicol

Oral
Sexually transmitted diseases, Susceptible infections

Oral
Gonorrhoea

Oral:
Gonorrhoea; Sexually transmitted diseases; Susceptible infections:

CrCl (mL/min)	Dosage
10-30	500 mg once daily.
30-60	500 mg bid.

Hypersensitivity, preexisting bone marrow depression or blood dyscrasias, active immunisation. Pregnancy and lactation.

Renal impairment, Mediterranean form of G6PD, prolonged use. Perform routine periodic blood examination.

Hypersensitivity, GI disturbances, stomatitis, glossitis, encephalopathy, mental depression and headache, ototoxicity. Haemolytic anaemia (Mediterranean form of G6PD), Jarish-Herxheimer reaction. Prolonged use may induce bleeding, peripheral and optic neuritis.
Potentially Fatal: Bone marrow depression; grey baby syndrome, anaphylactic reactions.

Potentially Fatal: Drugs that depress bone marrow function.

Description:
Mechanism of Action: Thiamphenicol has a broad spectrum of activity similar to chloramphenicol. It is less active than chloramphenicol but it is equally effective and more actively bactericidal against Haemophilus and Neisseria spp. It reversibly binds to 50s subunit of bacterial ribosome blocking the transpeptidation and inhibiting protein synthesis of susceptible bacteria, thus inhibiting cell growth.
Pharmacokinetics:
Absorption: Peak serum concentrations: 2 hr.
Distribution: Diffuses into the CSF, across the placenta, into breast milk and into the lungs. Protein binding: 10%. Half-life: 2-3 hr, increased in renal impairment.
Metabolism: Undergoes little or no conjugation with glucuronic acid in the liver.
Excretion: Excreted in the urine mainly as unchanged drug (70%); small amount excreted in bile and faeces.

Chloramphenicol