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Chỉ định và Liều dùng
Oral
Susceptible infections Adult: Initially, 2 g then 0.5-1 g every 6-8 hr.
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Suy thận
Dose reduction may be needed. Severe: Contraindicated.
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Suy gan
Dose reduction may be needed. Severe: Contraindicated.
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Chống chỉ định
Severe renal or hepatic failure; blood disorders; hypersensitivity to sulfonamides; acute porphyria; SLE. Pregnancy (3rd trimester) and lactation; infants ≤2 mth.
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Thận trọng
Renal or hepatic impairment; history of allergy or asthma; AIDS; G6PD deficiency; elderly; ensure adequate fluid intake to reduce risk of crystalluria.
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Tác dụng không mong muốn
Nausea, vomiting, anorexia, diarrhoea, hypersensitivity reactions, SLE, serum sickness-like syndrome, liver necrosis and hepatomegaly, myocarditis, pulmonary eosinophilia and fibrosing alveolitis, vasculitis, hypoglycaemia, hypothyroidism, neurological reactions, jaundice and kernicterus in premature neonates. Pseudomembranous colitis.
Potentially Fatal: Stevens-Johnson syndrome; toxic epidermal necrolysis; blood dyscrasias; anaphylaxis. |
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Tương tác
Potentiates effects of oral anticoagulants, methotrexate, phenytoin. Compounds that render the urine acidic increase risk of crystalluria.
Potentially Fatal: Increased blood dyscrasias with clozapine. |
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Ảnh hưởng đến kết quả xét nghiệm
Interference with tests for urea, creatinine, urinary glucose, urobilinogen.
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Tác dụng
Description:
Mechanism of Action: Sulfadimidine is a short-acting sulfonamide. It interferes with the synthesis of nucleic acids in sensitive organisms by blocking the conversion of p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) to the co-enzyme dihydrofolic acid. Its action is bacteriostatic, although it exerts bactericidal effects where concentrations of thymine are low in the surrounding medium. It has been used with other sulfonamides, e.g. sulfamerazine and sulfadiazine. In veterinary medicine, it is sometimes used with baquiloprim or trimethoprim. Sulfadimidine is used to determine acetylator status due to its pharmacokinetic differences in fast and slow acetylators. Pharmacokinetics: Absorption: Well absorbed from GI tract. Distribution: Protein binding: 80-90%. Excretion: Half life: 1.5-4 hr (fast acetylators); 5.5-8.8 hr (slow acetylators). |
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Phân loại MIMS
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