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Chỉ định và Liều dùng
Oral
Opioid dependence Adult: As hydrochloride: Initially, 25 mg; increase to 50 mg daily if no withdrawal signs occur. Maintenance: 350 mg wkly given as 50 mg daily or divided in 3 doses (given on 3 days of the wk) for improved compliance. Oral Adjunct in alcohol dependence Adult: As hydrochloride: 50 mg daily.
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Cách dùng
May be taken with or without food.
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Chống chỉ định
Patients concurrently dependent on opioids; acute hepatitis or hepatic failure; acute opioid withdrawal; patients on therapeutic opioid analgesics.
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Thận trọng
Hepatic or renal impairment. Monitor LFTs regularly. Patients should be opioid-free for at least 7-10 days prior to initiating naltrexone therapy. Strictly warn patients against the use of opioids while on naltrexone. Monitor for inj-site reactions. Pregnancy, lactation. History of bleeding disorders (including thrombocytopenia).
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Tác dụng không mong muốn
Abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting; anxiety, insomnia, lethargy, headache, musculoskeletal pain; anorexia, diarrhoea, constipation; increased thirst; chest pain; chills, dizziness; sexual dysfunction; rash, liver function abnormalities and reversible idiopathic thrombocytopenia. Inj-site reactions.
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Quá liều
Symptoms: Clonic-tonic convulsions and respiratory failure. Management: Supportive and symptomatic.
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Tương tác
May reduce effects of opiate-containing preparations e.g. those used for cough and cold, diarrhoea and pain. Increased or decreased serum levels with drugs that alter hepatic metabolism. Potentially increased hepatotoxic effects with disulfiram. Increased risk of naltrexone-induced lethargy and somnolence with thioridazine. May increase insulin requirements.
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Ảnh hưởng đến kết quả xét nghiệm
May interfere in the detection of urinary opiates using some immunoassay or enzymatic methods.
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Tác dụng
Description:
Mechanism of Action: Naltrexone acts as a competitive antagonist at opioid receptor sites. It blocks the action of opioids and precipitates withdrawal symptoms in opioid-dependent individuals. Pharmacokinetics: Absorption: Well absorbed from the GI tract. Peak plasma concentrations after about 1 hr. Distribution: 20% bound to plasma proteins. Metabolism: Extensively metabolised in the lvier. Undergoes considerable 1st-pass metabolism and may undergo enterohepatic recycling. Excretion: Via urine (as <1% unchanged drug and as metabolites). Elimination half-life: Approx 4 hr. |
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Bảo quản
Intramuscular:
Store at 2-8°C (36-46°F); do not freeze. Oral: Store at 20-25°C (68-77°F). |
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Phân loại MIMS
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Đăng xuất
