Đăng xuất
Epidural anaesthesia
Adult: 2-3 mL administered for each dermatome to be anaesthesised. Recommended doses are: Lumbar epidural 250-300 mg (as 1% soln) for analgesia and 225-300 mg (as 1.5% soln) or 200-300 mg (as 2% soln) for anaesth; for thoracic epidural: 200-300 mg (as 1% soln). For obstetric caudal analgesia, 200-300 mg (as 1% soln); for surgical caudal anaesth: 225-300 mg (as 1.5% soln). For continuous epidural or caudal anaesth, not to repeat max doses more frequently than 1.5 hrly.
Intramuscular
Emergency treatment of ventricular arrhythmias
Adult: 300 mg injected into the deltoid muscle, repeat after 60-90 min if necessary.
Intraspinal
Spinal anaesthesia
Adult: As hyperbaric soln of 1.5% or 5% lidocaine in 7.5% glucose soln. Normal vaginal delivery: Up to 50 mg (as 5% soln) or 9-15 mg (as 1.5% soln). Caesarian operation: Up to 75 mg (as 5% soln). Other surgical procedures: 75-100 mg.
Intravenous
Pulseless ventricular fibrillation or ventricular tachycardia
Adult: 1-1.5 mg/kg repeated as necessary. Max: 3 mg/kg. For ventricular arrhythmias in more stable patients: Usual loading dose: 50-100 mg as an IV inj at 25-50 mg/min, may repeat once or twice up to a max of 200-300 mg in 1 hr, followed by 1-4 mg/min via continuous IV infusion. May need to reduce dose if the infusion is longer than 24 hr.
Intravenous
Intravenous regional anaesthesia
Adult: As 0.5% soln w/o epinephrine: 50-300 mg. Max: 4 mg/kg.
Mouth/Throat
Surface anaesthesia
Adult: As 2% soln: For pain: 300 mg rinsed and ejected for mouth and throat pain; or gargled and swallowed if necessary for pharyngeal pain. Not to be used more frequently than every 3 hr. Max (topical oral soln): 2.4 g/day. As 4% soln: Before bronchoscopy, bronchography, laryngoscopy, oesophagoscopy, endotracheal intubation, and biopsy in the mouth and throat: 40-200 mg. As 10% soln: For dentistry and otorhinolaryngology procedures: 10-50 mg sprayed to mucous membrane. As 4% soln: For laryngotracheal anaesth: 160 mg sprayed or instilled as a single dose into the lumen of the larynx and trachea.
Ophthalmic
Surface anaesthesia
Adult: Apply 2 drops to ocular area where procedure will take place; may reapply to maintain effect.
Parenteral
Percutaneous infiltration anaesthesia
Adult: As 0.5% or 1% soln: 5-300 mg.
Parenteral
Sympathetic nerve block
Adult: As 1% soln: 50 mg for cervical block or 50-100 mg for lumbar block.
Parenteral
Peripheral nerve block
Adult: As 1.5% soln: For brachial plexus block: 225-300 mg. As 2% soln: For dental nerve block: 20-100 mg. As 1% soln: For intercostal nerve block: 30 mg; for paracervical block: 100 mg on each side, repeated not more frequently than every 90 min; for paravertebral block: 30-50 mg; for pudendal block: 100 mg on each side. As 4% soln: For retrobulbar block: 120-200 mg.
Rectal
Haemorrhoids, Perianal pain and itching
Adult: Apply topically or using applicator insert rectally, up to 6 times daily.
Child: ≥12 yr Apply topically or using applicator insert rectally, up to 6 times daily.
Child: ≥12 yr Apply topically or using applicator insert rectally, up to 6 times daily.
Topical/Cutaneous
Surface anaesthesia
Adult: As 5% oint: Max: 20 g in 24 hr for skin and mucous membrane. As 2% gel: Approx 120-220 mg into urethra several min before examination. As 4% foam: Apply 3-4 times daily for pain relief. As soln: Apply 40-200 mg to affected area. As patch: Apply patch to painful area for up to 12 hr w/in a 24-hr period. Max: 1 patch/24 hr.
Transdermal
Postherpetic neuralgia
Adult: As 5% patch: Apply to most painful area once daily for up to 12 hr w/in a 24-hr period. Max: Up to 3 patches in a single application.
Urethral
Surface anaesthesia
Adult: As 2% gel: Female: 60-100 mg inserted into the urethra several min before examination. Male: 100-200 mg before catheterisation and 600 mg before sounding or cystoscopy.
