Adult: As 0.025% solution or 0.25 mg/mL solution: Instil 1 drop into the conjunctival sac of the affected eye(s) bid. Child: As 0.025% solution or 0.25 mg/mL solution: ≥3 years Same as adult dose.
Oral Allergic conjunctivitis, Allergic rhinitis
Adult: 1 mg bid; increase to 2 mg bid if needed. Alternatively, give 0.5-1 mg at night for the 1st few days of treatment to minimise drowsiness. Child: ≥3 years 1 mg bid.
Cách dùng
Should be taken with food.
Chống chỉ định
Concomitant use with oral antidiabetic agents (oral).
Thận trọng
Patient with a history of epilepsy (oral). Children. Pregnancy and lactation.
This drug may cause dizziness or drowsiness, if affected, do not drive or operate machinery. Remove contact lenses before administration of ophthalmic solution and reinsert them after 15 minutes.
Quá liều
Oral: Symptoms: Headache, drowsiness, confusion, disorientation, nystagmus, dyspnoea, bradycardia, tachycardia, hypotension, hyperexcitability, convulsions and coma. Management: Symptomatic treatment. Administer activated charcoal if ingestion is within approx 1 hour. May give short-acting barbiturates or benzodiazepines for excitation. Monitor CV function.
Tương tác
Increased risk for thrombocytopenia with oral antidiabetic agents. May potentiate the effects of sedatives, hypnotics and other antihistamines.
Tương tác với thức ăn
May potentiate the effect of alcohol.
Tác dụng
Description: Mechanism of Action: Ketotifen is a selective histamine H1-receptor antagonist and mast cell stabiliser. It exhibits anti-inflammatory and antihistaminergic effects by inhibiting the release of mediators from cells involved in hypersensitivity reactions and reduces the chemotaxis and activation of eosinophils. Pharmacokinetics: Absorption: Rapidly and almost completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract (oral). Bioavailability: Approx 50% (oral). Time to peak plasma concentration: 2-4 hours (oral). Distribution: Enters breast milk (oral). Plasma protein binding: Approx 75% (oral). Metabolism: Metabolised in the liver via N-demethylation into nor-ketotifen (active metabolite); via N-glucuronidation into ketotifen-N-glucuronide (inactive metabolite); via keto-reduction into hydroxyl derivative. Excretion: Oral: Mainly via urine (>60% as metabolites; 1% as unchanged drug). Terminal elimination half-life: Approx 21 hours.
Đặc tính
Ketotifen Source: National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Compound Summary for CID 3827, Ketotifen. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Ketotifen. Accessed Mar. 22, 2024.
R06AX17 - ketotifen ; Belongs to the class of other antihistamines for systemic use. S01GX08 - ketotifen ; Belongs to the class of other ophthalmologic antiallergics.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Alaway Preservative Free Solution/Drops (Bausch & Lomb Incorporated). DailyMed. Source: U.S. National Library of Medicine. https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed. Accessed 29/02/2024.Alaway Solution/Drops (Bausch & Lomb Incorporated). DailyMed. Source: U.S. National Library of Medicine. https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed. Accessed 29/02/2024.Anon. Ketotifen (Ophthalmic). Lexicomp Online. Hudson, Ohio. Wolters Kluwer Clinical Drug Information, Inc. https://online.lexi.com. Accessed 29/02/2024.Anon. Ketotifen (Systemic). Lexicomp Online. Hudson, Ohio. Wolters Kluwer Clinical Drug Information, Inc. https://online.lexi.com. Accessed 29/02/2024.Anon. Ketotifen. AHFS Clinical Drug Information [online]. Bethesda, MD. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Inc. https://www.ahfscdi.com. Accessed 29/02/2024.Buckingham R (ed). Ketotifen Fumarate. Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference [online]. London. Pharmaceutical Press. https://www.medicinescomplete.com. Accessed 29/02/2024.Joint Formulary Committee. Ketotifen. British National Formulary [online]. London. BMJ Group and Pharmaceutical Press. https://www.medicinescomplete.com. Accessed 29/02/2024.Ketofall 0.25 mg/mL Eye Drops, Solution in Single-dose Container (Pharma Stulln GmbH). MHRA. https://products.mhra.gov.uk. Accessed 29/02/2024.Novartis New Zealand Limited. Zaditen Eye Drops, Solution data sheet 11 August 2020. Medsafe. http://www.medsafe.govt.nz. Accessed 29/02/2024.U-Kefen Tablets 1 mg; U-Kefen Syrup 1 mg/5 mL (Malaysian Pharmaceutical Industries Sdn. Bhd.). National PharmFaceutical Regulatory Agency - Ministry of Health Malaysia. https://www.npra.gov.my. Accessed 29/02/2024.Zaditen 0.25 mg/mL, Eye Drops, Solution (Laboratoires Thea). MHRA. https://products.mhra.gov.uk. Accessed 29/02/2024.Zaditen Elixir 1 mg/5 mL (Alfasigma S.p.A.). MHRA. https://products.mhra.gov.uk. Accessed 29/02/2024.Zaditen Tablets 1 mg (Alfasigma S.p.A.). MHRA. https://products.mhra.gov.uk. Accessed 29/02/2024.
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