Dithranol


Thông tin thuốc gốc
Chỉ định và Liều dùng
Topical/Cutaneous
Psoriasis
Adult: For treatment of subacute and chronic cases, including psoriasis of the scalp: Short-contact therapy: As cream: Apply sparingly onto the affected lesions once daily. Initiate treatment using a short, daily contact time (5-10 minutes) for at least 1 week using the lowest strength possible, may gradually increase contact time to 30 minutes as tolerated. For scalp use, wash hair with shampoo and rinse, then apply cream onto the affected lesions while hair is still damp. Remove cream by washing or showering; rinse thoroughly with lukewarm water before washing with soap (skin) or shampoo (scalp). Optimal contact time may vary depending on the strength of the cream used and patient response. Treatment recommendations may vary among countries and available products (refer to specific product guidelines).
Chống chỉ định
Acute pustular psoriasis or inflamed skin.
Thận trọng
Patient with fair skin. Recent administration of potent steroids. Pregnancy and lactation.
Tác dụng không mong muốn
Significant: Excessive redness or burning sensation of the skin; temporary staining of skin, hair, or fingernails.
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders: Lesional burning sensation (usually mild or moderate), perilesional erythema and burning. Rarely, skin rash.
Thông tin tư vấn bệnh nhân
Do not apply to the face, genitalia, open sores, skin folds, eyes or mucous membrane. Always wash your hands thoroughly after use. Avoid applying to unaffected skin. Apply carefully to avoid staining of bed linen, clothing or other objects.
Quá liều
Symptoms: Burning and deep staining of the skin. Management: Rinse first with water only and then wash at a temperature not exceeding 30°C.
Tương tác
May enhance the effect of photosensitising drugs. Propylene glycol-containing agents may oxidise and inactivate dithranol.
Tác dụng
Description:
Mechanism of Action: Dithranol is an antracen derivative. Its mechanism of action is unknown; however, its action has been linked to its ability to generate free radicals. It reduces the mitotic rate and proliferation of epidermal cells in psoriasis by preventing nucleic protein synthesis from inhibition of DNA synthesis in affected areas.
Synonym(s): Anthralin.
Pharmacokinetics:
Absorption: Penetrates more into skin with compromised stratum corneum barrier than into intact skin. Max concentration is reached after 30-60 minutes of contact time.
Distribution: Highest concentration of unchanged drug is found in the horny layer of the skin for 24-48 hours and relatively small amounts of unoxidised dithranol and higher concentrations of dithranol dimer are found in the deep dermal layers.
Metabolism: Unstable dithranol is oxidised to danthron, dithranol dimer and further insoluble polymerisation products.
Excretion: Via urine (small amounts of oxidation products).
Đặc tính

Chemical Structure Image
Dithranol

Source: National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Compound Summary for CID 2202, Anthralin. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Anthralin. Accessed Jan. 25, 2024.

Bảo quản
Store between 15-30°C.
Phân loại MIMS
Thuốc trị vẩy nến, tăng tiết bã nhờn & vảy cá
Phân loại ATC
D05AC01 - dithranol ; Belongs to the class of topical antracen derivative agent used in the treatment of psoriasis.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Anon. Dithranol [Anthralin]. Lexicomp Online. Hudson, Ohio. Wolters Kluwer Clinical Drug Information, Inc. https://online.lexi.com. Accessed 22/12/2023.

Anthralin. Gold Standard Drug Database in ClinicalKey [online]. Elsevier Inc. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed 23/01/2024.

Buckingham R (ed). Dithranol. Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference [online]. London. Pharmaceutical Press. https://www.medicinescomplete.com. Accessed 22/12/2023.

Joint Formulary Committee. Dithranol (Anthralin). British National Formulary [online]. London. BMJ Group and Pharmaceutical Press. https://www.medicinescomplete.com. Accessed 22/12/2023.

Micanol Cream 1% (Northumbria Pharma Ltd.). MHRA. https://products.mhra.gov.uk. Accessed 22/12/2023.

Micanol Cream 3% (Northumbria Pharma Ltd.). MHRA. https://products.mhra.gov.uk. Accessed 23/01/2024.

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