Sulfaguanidine

Oral
Susceptible infections

Porphyria; severe renal or hepatic failure; blood disorders; hypersensitivity to sulfonamides; SLE. Pregnancy (prior to delivery). Lactation. Infants within 1-2 mth of birth.

Adequate fluid intake is necessary to reduce the risk of crystalluria. Discontinue immediately if rash appears. Renal or hepatic impairment; asthma or history of allergy; elderly. G6PD deficiency.

GI effects, hypersensitivity reactions, nephrotoxic reactions, hepatic disorders, CV effects, hypoglycaemia, hypothyroidism, neurological reactions. Pseudomembranous colitis; jaundice and kernicterus in the newborn.
Potentially Fatal: Toxic epidermal necrolysis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, anaphylaxis, blood dyscrasias.

Action antagonised by PABA and procaine group of local anaesthetics. Potentiates oral anticoagulants, methotrexate and phenytoin. Increased risk of crystalluria with compounds that render urine acidic.

May interfere with diagnostic tests for urea, creatinine and urobilinogen.

Description: Sulfaguanidine is a sulfonamide with properties similar to those of sulfamethoxazole. Sulfonamides have a similar structure to para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) and interfere with the synthesis of nucleic acid in sensitive microorganisms by blocking the coversion of PABA to the co-enzyme dihydrofolic acid, a reduced form of folic acid. Their actions are primarily bacteriostatic, although bactericidal effects are exerted where concentrations of thymine are low in the surrounding medium.

Sulphonamides