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Indications and Dosage
Oral
Gonococcal urethritis Adult: 1.5 g as a single dose in association with probenecid 1 g. Oral Bacterial infections Adult: 500 mg bid. Dose may be doubled in serious infections.
Child: 3 mth-1 yr: 40-60 mg/kg daily in 2 divided doses. >1 yr: 12.5-17.5 mg/kg bid, up to 500 mg bid. >10 yr: 500 mg bid. |
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Contraindications
Hypersensitivity, infectious mononucleosis, porphyria.
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Special Precautions
Very high doses in poor renal function (risk of neurotoxicity) or heart failure. Avoid contact, skin sensitization may occur. Monitor serum K concentration, renal and haematological status. Spirochete infections particularly syphilis; suprainfection with penicillin-resistant organisms with prolonged use; avoid intrathecal route. Increased risk of developing skin rash in patients with lymphatic leukaemia or HIV infection. May cause carnitine deficiency.
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Adverse Reactions
Hypersensitivity reactions including urticaria; fever; joint pains; rashes; angioedema; serum sickness-like reactions; haemolytic anaemia; interstitial nephritis; neutropaenia; thrombocytopaenia; CNS toxicity including convulsions; antibiotic-associated colitis. GI effects; pseudomembranous colitis; erythematous maculopapular erruptions.
Potentially Fatal: Anaphylaxis. |
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Drug Interactions
Probenecid prolongs T
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Lab Interference
May interfere with diagnostic tests for urinary glucose using copper sulfate, direct Coomb's test, and test for urinary or serum proteins. May interfere with diagnostic tests that use bacteria.
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Action
Description: Pivampicillin is a prodrug of ampicillin which exerts its killing action on growing and dividing bacteria by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis.
Pharmacokinetics: Absorption: Readily absorbed. Metabolism: Hydrolysed to ampicillin, pivalic acid and formaldehyde. Excretion: About 70% of a dose is excreted in the urine as ampicillin within 6 hr. |
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MIMS Class
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