Oedema
Adult: 2.5-5 mg once daily in the morning. Max: 10 mg once daily.
Oral
Hypertension
Adult: 2.5-5 mg once daily, either alone or w/ other antihypertensives.
Indications and Dosage
Oral
Oedema Adult: 2.5-5 mg once daily in the morning. Max: 10 mg once daily. Oral Hypertension Adult: 2.5-5 mg once daily, either alone or w/ other antihypertensives.
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Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to sulfonamide-derived drugs, anuria.
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Special Precautions
Patient w/ fluid and electrolyte disturbances, gout, DM, hypercholesterolaemia, parathyroid disease, history of allergy and bronchial asthma. May exacerbate SLE. Hepatic and renal impairment. Pregnancy and lactation.
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Adverse Reactions
Headache, cramping, weakness, orthostatic hypotension, pancreatitis, jaundice, sialadenitis, vomiting, diarrhoea, nausea, gastric irritation, constipation, anorexia, aplastic anaemia, haemolytic anaemia, agranulocytosis, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, anaphylactic reactions, necrotising angiitis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, resp distress, fever, purpura, urticaria, rash, photosensitivity, hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia, electrolyte imbalance, vertigo, dizziness, paraesthesia, muscle spasm, restlessness, transient blurred vision, xanthopsia, glycosuria.
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Monitoring Parameters
Assess wt, input and output reports daily to determine fluid loss, BP, serum electrolytes, BUN, creatinine.
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Overdosage
Symptoms: Electrolyte imbalance and signs of K deficiency (e.g. confusion, dizziness, muscular weakness, GI disturbances). Management: General supportive measures including replacement of fluids and electrolytes.
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Drug Interactions
Increased risk of lithium toxicity. Hypokalaemia may develop during concomitant use of steroids or ACTH. Insulin requirement in DM patients may be altered. Decreased arterial responsiveness to norepinephrine. Increased responsiveness to tubocurarine. Potentiation of orthostatic hypotension by barbiturates or narcotics.
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Food Interaction
Avoid alcohol as it may potentiate orthostatic hypotension.
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Lab Interference
May interfere w/ tests for parathyroid function. May decrease serum protein-bound iodine (PBI) levels w/o signs of thyroid disturbance.
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Action
Description: Methyclothiazide inhibits Na reabsorption in the distal tubules causing increased excretion of Na and water, as well as K and hydrogen ions.
Onset: Approx 2 hr. Duration: ≥24 hr. Pharmacokinetics: Absorption: Rapidly absorbed from the GI tract. Time to peak plasma concentration: 6 hr. Distribution: Crosses the placenta and excreted in breast milk. Excretion: Via urine as unchanged drug. |
Storage
Store between 20-25°C. Protect from light and moisture.
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MIMS Class
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References
Anon. Methyclothiazide. Lexicomp Online. Hudson, Ohio. Wolters Kluwer Clinical Drug Information, Inc. https://online.lexi.com. Accessed 04/06/2014. Buckingham R (ed). Methyclothiazide. Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference [online]. London. Pharmaceutical Press. https://www.medicinescomplete.com. Accessed 04/06/2014. McEvoy GK, Snow EK, Miller J et al (eds). Methyclothiazide. AHFS Drug Information (AHFS DI) [online]. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP). https://www.medicinescomplete.com. Accessed 04/06/2014. Methyclothiazide tablet (Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc.). DailyMed. Source: U.S. National Library of Medicine. https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/. Accessed 04/06/2014. Wickersham RM. Methyclothiazide. Facts and Comparisons [online]. St. Louis, MO. Wolters Kluwer Clinical Drug Information, Inc. https://www.wolterskluwercdi.com/facts-comparisons-online/. Accessed 04/06/2014.
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