Alprenolol


Generic Medicine Info
Indications and Dosage
Oral
Hypertension
Adult: 200 mg/day in divided doses, increased wkly according to patient response.

Oral
Angina pectoris, Cardiac arrhythmias
Adult: 200-400 mg/day in divided doses.
Contraindications
2nd and 3rd degree AV block; sinus bradycardia; uncontrolled heart failure; asthma or bronchospasm, severe peripheral arterial disease, metabolic acidosis, phaeochromocytoma. Concomitant use w/ clonidine.
Special Precautions
1st degree AV block. May mask symptoms of hyperthyroidism and hypoglycaemia. May unmask myasthenia gravis. May aggravate psoriasis. Abrupt withdrawal may cause angina, MI, ventricular arrhythmias and death. Patients on long-term treatment should discontinue medication gradually over 1-2 wk. Pregnancy and lactation.
Adverse Reactions
Bradycardia; heart failure, heart block; hypotension; bronchospasm; fatigue; coldness of extremities; pneumonitis; pulmonary and retroperitoneal fibrosis; pleurisy; CNS effects; myopathies; GI disturbances; reversible alopoecia; skin rash; pruritus; lupus-like syndrome; male impotence; sclerosing peritonitis; muscle cramps; paraesthesias; peripheral neuropathy; haematological reactions. Changes in blood concentrations of glucose, triglycerides and cholesterol.
Drug Interactions
Concomitant use w/ other drugs that cause hypotension; NSAIDs; other cardiac depressants; sotalol; digoxin; insulin and oral hypoglycaemics; sympathomimetics; ACE inhibitors; Ca-channel blockers, verapamil. Anaesthetics causing myocardial depression (e.g. ether, cyclopropane, trichloroethylene).
Potentially Fatal: Increased risk of withdrawal HTN w/ clonidine. Withdraw several days before slowly discontinuing clonidine.
Action
Description:
Mechanism of Action: Alprenol is a non-cardioselective β-blocker w/ intrinsic sympathomimetic activity and some membrane-stabilising properties.
MIMS Class
Beta-Blockers
References
Buckingham R (ed). Alprenolol. Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference [online]. London. Pharmaceutical Press. https://www.medicinescomplete.com. Accessed 25/11/2013.

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