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Indications and Dosage
Oral
Tuberculosis Adult: As 2nd line drug: 15-20 mg/kg daily as a single dose. Max: 1 g daily.
Child: As 2nd line drug: 10-20 mg/kg daily as a single dose. Max dose: 750 mg daily. |
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Contraindications
Hypersensitivity. Severe hepatic disease, porphyria.
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Special Precautions
Difficulty in managing DM. Monitor blood glucose, thyroid and visual function. Perform LFT before and during treatment with protionamide. Caution in patients with psychiatric illness or depression. Pregnancy and lactation.
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Adverse Reactions
Anorexia, excessive salivation, metallic taste, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhoea. Peripheral and/or optic neuritis, psychiatric disturbances e.g. depression, anxiety, psychosis, postural hypotension. Jaundice, hepatitis. Thrombocytopenia, skin rashes, stomatitis, gynaecomastia.
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Drug Interactions
Increased neurotoxic effects with cycloserine.
Potentially Fatal: Increased incidence of hepatotoxicity with rifampicin. |
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Action
Description:
Mechanism of Action: Protionamide inhibits peptide synthesis. It is active against mycobacteria species. Bacteriostatic against M. tuberculosis. Also active against atypical mycobacteria e.g. M. kansasii and some strains of M. avium complex, and M. leprae. Onset: 30-60 min. Duration: 12-16 hr. Pharmacokinetics: Absorption: Readily absorbed form the GI tract (oral); peak plasma concentrations after 2 hr. Distribution: Widely distributed into body fluids and CSF. Metabolism: Converted to sulfoxide (active) and other metabolites. Excretion: Via urine (<1% as unchanged). |
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MIMS Class
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