Tinidazole

Oral
Anaerobic bacterial infections

Oral
Bacterial vaginosis

Oral
Prophylaxis of postoperative anaerobic bacterial infections

Oral
Acute necrotising ulcerative gingivitis, Trichomoniasis

Oral
Intestinal amoebiasis

Oral
Hepatic amoebiasis

Oral
Giardiasis

Oral
Eradication of H. pylori associated with peptic ulcer disease

Haemodialysis: Additional dose equal to half the usual dose at the end of haemodialysis.

Should be taken with food. Take during or immediately after meals.

1st trimester of pregnancy and lactation.

Patient w/ current or a history of blood dyscrasias. Pregnancy (2nd and 3rd trimester). Hepatic and renal impairment.

Transient leucopenia, ataxia, convulsions, dizziness, headache, hypesthesia, paraesthesia, peripheral neuropathy, sensory disturbances, vertigo, metallic taste, flushing, abdominal pain, anorexia, diarrhoea, furry tongue, glossitis, nausea, stomatitis, vomiting, dark urine, fever, tiredness.
Potentially Fatal: Hypersensitivity.

PO: C

Monitor total and differential leukocyte counts. Closely monitor childn when treatment duration exceeds 3 days.

May potentiate the effects of oral anticoagulants resulting to prolonged prothrombin time.

Concurrent use w/ alcohol may produce disulfiram-like reaction (e.g. flushing, abdominal cramps, vomiting, tachycardia). Food may delay the rate of absorption.

May interfere w/ AST, ALT, triglycerides, glucose, and LDH testing.

Description: Tinidazole, a 5-nitroimidazole derivative w/ antimicrobial actions similar to metronidazole, is active against both protozoa (e.g. Trichomonas vaginalis, Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia) and obligate anaerobic bacteria. It damages DNA strands or inhibits DNA synthesis in microorganism.
Pharmacokinetics:
Absorption: Rapidly and almost completely absorbed from the GI tract. Food may delay absorption. Time to peak plasma concentration: 2 hr.
Distribution: Widely distributed into body tissues and fluids. Crosses the placenta and blood-brain barrier; enters breast milk. Volume of distribution: 50 L. Plasma protein binding: 12%.
Metabolism: Hepatically metabolised primarily via CYP3A4 isoenzyme. Undergoes oxidation, hydroxylation and conjugation; converted to an active hydroxy metabolite.
Excretion: Via urine (20-25%) as unchanged drug and metabolites and faeces (12%). Plasma elimination half-life: 12-14 hr.

Source: National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Database. Tinidazole, CID=5479, https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Tinidazole (accessed on Jan. 23, 2020)

Store between 20-25°C. Protect from light.

Antiamoebics / Other Antibiotics / Preparations for Vaginal Conditions

Anon. Tinidazole. Lexicomp Online. Hudson, Ohio. Wolters Kluwer Clinical Drug Information, Inc. https://online.lexi.com. Accessed 04/07/2014.

Buckingham R (ed). Tinidazole. Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference [online]. London. Pharmaceutical Press. https://www.medicinescomplete.com. Accessed 04/07/2014.

Tindamax Tablet, Film Coated (Mission Pharmacal Company). DailyMed. Source: U.S. National Library of Medicine. https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/. Accessed 04/07/2014.

Wickersham RM. Tinidazole. Facts and Comparisons [online]. St. Louis, MO. Wolters Kluwer Clinical Drug Information, Inc. https://www.wolterskluwercdi.com/facts-comparisons-online/. Accessed 04/07/2014.