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Indications and Dosage
Intramuscular
Thiamine deficiency Adult: 10-20 mg tid up to 2 weeks, followed by oral therapy for 1 month. Oral Thiamine deficiency Adult: Mild cases: 50-100 mg daily. Severe cases: Up to 300 mg daily in divided doses. Parenteral Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome Adult: Initially, 100 mg via slow IV inj over 10 minutes, then 50-100 mg daily via IM or IV inj until the patient is consuming a regular, balanced diet.
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Administration
Should be taken with food.
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Incompatibility
Alkaline or neutral solutions, oxidising and reducing agents.
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Special Precautions
Patient with history of allergic reactions. Pregnancy and lactation.
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Adverse Reactions
Significant: Allergic reactions (e.g. tingling, pruritus, urticaria).
Gastrointestinal disorders: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal pain. General disorders and administration site conditions: Injection site pain, local irritation, tenderness, induration. Potentially Fatal: Serious hypersensitivity reactions (IM/IV). |
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IM/IV/Parenteral/PO: A
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Drug Interactions
IV dextrose may worsen acute symptoms of thiamine deficiency. May enhance the effect of neuromuscular blocking agents. Diminished therapeutic effect with etamsylate.
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Food Interaction
High carbohydrate diet may increase thiamine requirement.
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Lab Interference
May give false-positive results for uric acid using phosphotungstate method, and for urobilinogen using Ehrlich's reagent. High doses of thiamine may interfere with the spectrophotometric determination of serum theophylline concentrations.
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Action
Description: Thiamine is a water-soluble vitamin. It combines with ATP to form thiamine pyrophosphate, an essential coenzyme in carbohydrate metabolism.
Synonyms: aneurine. Pharmacokinetics: Absorption: Well-absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract after oral administration and rapidly and completely absorbed following IM injection. Distribution: Widely distributed in most body tissues, with highest concentration in the brain, heart, kidney and liver. Enters breastmilk. Metabolism: Metabolised in the liver. Excretion: Via urine as metabolites and unchanged drug. |
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Chemical Structure
 Source: National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Compound Summary for CID 1130, Thiamine. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Thiamine. Accessed Apr. 28, 2021. |
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Storage
Store below 25°C. Protect from light.
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MIMS Class
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ATC Classification
A11DA01 - thiamine (vit B1) ; Belongs to the class of vitamin B1. Used as dietary supplements.
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References
Anon. Thiamine. Lexicomp Online. Hudson, Ohio. Wolters Kluwer Clinical Drug Information, Inc. https://online.lexi.com. Accessed 07/04/2021. Benerva 100 mg Tablets (Teofarma S.r.l.). MHRA. https://products.mhra.gov.uk. Accessed 07/04/2021. Buckingham R (ed). Vitamin B1 Substances. Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference [online]. London. Pharmaceutical Press. https://www.medicinescomplete.com. Accessed 07/04/2021. Joint Formulary Committee. Thiamine. British National Formulary [online]. London. BMJ Group and Pharmaceutical Press. https://www.medicinescomplete.com. Accessed 07/04/2021. Thiamine Hydrochloride 100 mg Tablets (Blue Bio Pharmaceuticals Limited). MHRA. https://products.mhra.gov.uk. Accessed 07/04/2021. Thiamine Hydrochloride 50 mg Tablets (Athlone Pharmaceuticals Limited). MHRA. https://products.mhra.gov.uk. Accessed 07/04/2021. Thiamine Hydrochloride Injection, Solution (Mylan Institutional LLC). DailyMed. Source: U.S. National Library of Medicine. https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed. Accessed 07/04/2021. Tyvera 50 mg Tablets (Accord Healthcare Limited). MHRA. https://products.mhra.gov.uk. Accessed 07/04/2021.
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