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Indications and Dosage
Oral
Chlamydial infections, Chlamydial pneumonia, Lymphogranuloma venereum, Nocardiosis, Otitis media, Trachoma, Urinary tract infections Adult: Initially, 2-4 g followed by 4-8 g/day in divided doses every 4-6 hr.
Child: >2 mth: Initially, 75 mg/kg followed by 150 mg/kg/day in divided doses. Max: 6 g daily. |
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Renal Impairment
Dose adjustment may be needed. Severe: Contraindicated.
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Hepatic Impairment
Dose adjustment may be needed. Severe: Contraindicated.
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Administration
May be taken with or without food. May be taken w/ meals to reduce GI discomfort.
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Contraindications
Severe renal or hepatic failure; blood disorders; hypersensitivity to sulfonamides; acute porphyria. Pregnancy (3rd trimester) ; infants ≤2 mth.
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Special Precautions
Renal or hepatic impairment; history of allergy or asthma; AIDS; G6PD deficiency; elderly; ensure adequate fluid intake to reduce risk of crystalluria; SLE. Lactation.
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Adverse Reactions
Nausea, vomiting, anorexia, diarrhoea, hypersensitivity reactions, SLE, serum sickness-like syndrome, liver necrosis, hepatomegaly, myocarditis, pulmonary eosinophilia and fibrosing alveolitis, vasculitis, hypoglycaemia, hypothyroidism, neurological reactions, jaundice and kernicterus in premature neonates.
Potentially Fatal: Blood dyscrasias, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, anaphylaxis. |
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Ophth/PO: C
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Drug Interactions
Potentiates effects of oral anticoagulants, methotrexate, phenytoin. Increased anaesthetic effect of thiopental. Increased risk of crytalluria with compounds that render the urine acidic.
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Lab Interference
Interference with tests for urea, creatinine, urinary glucose, urobilinogen.
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Action
Description: Sulfafurazole is a short-acting sulfonamide also known as sulfisoxazole. It interferes with the synthesis of nucleic acids in sensitive organisms by blocking the conversion of p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) to the co-enzyme dihydrofolic acid. Its action is bacteriostatic, although it can be bactericidal where concentrations of thymine are low in the surrounding medium.
Pharmacokinetics: Absorption: Readily absorbed from GI tract. Peak plasma concentration: 1-4 hr. Distribution: Protein binding: 85-90%. Diffuses readily into extracellular fluid. CSF concentration is 1/3 that of blood. Crosses placenta and into breast milk. Excretion: Excreted rapidly in urine. Half life: 5-8 hr. |
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MIMS Class
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