Sulfadimidine


Generic Medicine Info
Indications and Dosage
Oral
Susceptible infections
Adult: Initially, 2 g then 0.5-1 g every 6-8 hr.
Renal Impairment
Dose reduction may be needed. Severe: Contraindicated.
Hepatic Impairment
Dose reduction may be needed. Severe: Contraindicated.
Contraindications
Severe renal or hepatic failure; blood disorders; hypersensitivity to sulfonamides; acute porphyria; SLE. Pregnancy (3rd trimester) and lactation; infants ≤2 mth.
Special Precautions
Renal or hepatic impairment; history of allergy or asthma; AIDS; G6PD deficiency; elderly; ensure adequate fluid intake to reduce risk of crystalluria.
Adverse Reactions
Nausea, vomiting, anorexia, diarrhoea, hypersensitivity reactions, SLE, serum sickness-like syndrome, liver necrosis and hepatomegaly, myocarditis, pulmonary eosinophilia and fibrosing alveolitis, vasculitis, hypoglycaemia, hypothyroidism, neurological reactions, jaundice and kernicterus in premature neonates. Pseudomembranous colitis.
Potentially Fatal: Stevens-Johnson syndrome; toxic epidermal necrolysis; blood dyscrasias; anaphylaxis.
Drug Interactions
Potentiates effects of oral anticoagulants, methotrexate, phenytoin. Compounds that render the urine acidic increase risk of crystalluria.
Potentially Fatal: Increased blood dyscrasias with clozapine.
Lab Interference
Interference with tests for urea, creatinine, urinary glucose, urobilinogen.
Action
Description: Sulfadimidine is a short-acting sulfonamide. It interferes with the synthesis of nucleic acids in sensitive organisms by blocking the conversion of p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) to the co-enzyme dihydrofolic acid. Its action is bacteriostatic, although it exerts bactericidal effects where concentrations of thymine are low in the surrounding medium. It has been used with other sulfonamides, e.g. sulfamerazine and sulfadiazine. In veterinary medicine, it is sometimes used with baquiloprim or trimethoprim. Sulfadimidine is used to determine acetylator status due to its pharmacokinetic differences in fast and slow acetylators.
Pharmacokinetics:
Absorption: Well absorbed from GI tract.
Distribution: Protein binding: 80-90%.
Excretion: Half life: 1.5-4 hr (fast acetylators); 5.5-8.8 hr (slow acetylators).
MIMS Class
Sulphonamides
Disclaimer: This information is independently developed by MIMS based on Sulfadimidine from various references and is provided for your reference only. Therapeutic uses, prescribing information and product availability may vary between countries. Please refer to MIMS Product Monographs for specific and locally approved prescribing information. Although great effort has been made to ensure content accuracy, MIMS shall not be held responsible or liable for any claims or damages arising from the use or misuse of the information contained herein, its contents or omissions, or otherwise. Copyright © 2024 MIMS. All rights reserved. Powered by MIMS.com
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