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Indications and Dosage
Oral
Treatment of nicotinic acid deficiency Adult: 100-300 mg daily in divided doses. Child: ≥12 yr Same as adult dose. Topical/Cutaneous Mild to moderate inflammatory acne Adult: As a 4% gel: Apply bid, reduce to once daily or on alternate days if excessive dryness, irritation or peeling occurs.
Child: Same as adult dose. |
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Incompatibility
Incompatible with alkalis and strong acids.
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Special Precautions
Patient with hepatic disease, peptic ulcer. Children. Pregnancy and lactation.
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Adverse Reactions
Significant: Dry skin (topical).
Hepatic: Rarely, abnormal LFT, jaundice, chronic hepatic damage. Haematologic: Rarely, abnormal prothrombin time, hypoalbuminaemia. Dermatologic: Irritation, pruritus, erythema, burning sensation (topical). |
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Patient Counseling Information
Avoid contact with eyes or mucous membranes (topical).
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Monitoring Parameters
Periodically monitor hepatic function and blood glucose levels.
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Drug Interactions
May increase the adverse effect of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors.
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Lab Interference
May cause false increase of urinary catecholamines in some fluorometric determinations.
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Action
Description: Nicotinamide is a vitamin B3 derivative. It is incorporated into coenzymes nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP), which are involved in multiple cellular metabolic pathways (e.g. tissue respiration, lipid metabolism and glycogenolysis). It also has significant anti-inflammatory activity.
Pharmacokinetics: Absorption: Readily absorbed from the GI tract. Time to peak plasma concentration: 20-70 minutes. Distribution: Widely distributed in the body tissues. Enters breast milk. Metabolism: Metabolised in the liver to N-methylnicotinamide, 2-pyridone and 4-pyridone derivatives and nicotinuric acid. Excretion: Via urine (as unchanged drug and as metabolites). Elimination half-life: 45 minutes. |
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Chemical Structure
 Source: National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Database. Nicotinamide, CID=936, https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Nicotinamide (accessed on Jan. 22, 2020) |
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Storage
Store at or below 25°C.
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MIMS Class
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ATC Classification
A11HA01 - nicotinamide ; Belongs to the class of other plain vitamin preparations. Used as dietary supplements.
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References
Anon. Niacinamide. Lexicomp Online. Hudson, Ohio. Wolters Kluwer Clinical Drug Information, Inc. https://online.lexi.com. Accessed 14/08/2017. Joint Formulary Committee. Nicotinamide. British National Formulary [online]. London. BMJ Group and Pharmaceutical Press. https://www.medicinescomplete.com. Accessed 14/08/2017. McEvoy GK, Snow EK, Miller J et al (eds). Niacin, Niacinamide. AHFS Drug Information (AHFS DI) [online]. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP). https://www.medicinescomplete.com. Accessed 14/08/2017. Nicotinamide Tablets 100 mg (Nutrition Warehouse Limited). MHRA. https://products.mhra.gov.uk/. Accessed 14/08/2017.
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