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Pharmacology: Pharmacodynamics: Mometasone furoate is a topical glucocorticosteroid with local anti-inflammatory properties at doses that are not systemically active. It is likely that much of the mechanism for the anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory effects of mometasone furoate lies in its ability to inhibit the release of mediators or allergic reactions. Mometasone furoate significantly inhibits the release of leukotrienes from leucocytes of allergic patients. In cell culture, mometasone furoate demonstrated high potency in inhibition of synthesis and release of IL-1, IL-5, IL-6 and TNFα; it is also a potent inhibitor of leukotriene production. In addition, it is an extremely potent inhibitor of the production of the Th2 cytokines, IL-4 and IL-5, from human CD4+ T-cells.
Pharmacokinetics: Mometasone furoate, administered as an aqueous nasal spray, has a systemic bioavailability of <1% in plasma, using a sensitive assay with a lower quantitation limit of 0.25 pg/ml. Mometasone furoate suspension is very poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and the small amount that may be swallowed and absorbed undergoes extensive first-pass hepatic metabolism prior to excretion in urine and bile.
