Mezlocillin

Intravenous
Susceptible infections, Respiratory tract infections, Abdominal infections, Skin and soft tissue infections, Pelvic infections, Bacterial endocarditis, Peritonitis, Septicaemia, Biliary tract infections

Intravenous
Prophylaxis of infection during surgery

Parenteral
Uncomplicated gonorrhoea

Parenteral
Uncomplicated urinary tract infections

Dose reduction may be necessary.

Hypersensitivity to penicillins.

Patients on restricted sodium diet. Avoid contact; skin sensitisation may occur. Monitor serum potassium concentration, renal, hepatic and haematological status during prolonged therapy. Spirochete infections particularly syphilis. Suprainfection with penicillin-resistant organisms may occur with prolonged use. Avoid intrathecal route. Pregnancy and lactation.

Diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting, pseudomembranous enterocolitis, hypersensitivity reactions. Rarely prolonged bleeding time, mucosal bleeding, purpura. Anxiety, muscle cramps and convulsions (high doses). Pain at inj site and phlebitis. Increased LFTs, hypokalaemia, elevated bilirubin, creatinine.
Potentially Fatal: Anaphylaxis.

IM/IV/Parenteral: B

Symptoms: Rash, fever, chills, peeling skin.

Probenecid may inhibit renal excretion of mezlocillin. Monitor blood coagulation parameters when used with high-dose heparin and other anticoagulants.

May interfere with diagnostic tests for urinary glucose using copper sulfate, direct Coombs' test, and test for urinary or serum proteins. May interfere with diagnostic tests that use bacteria.

Description: Mezlocillin, a broad-spectrum ureidopenicillin, blocks the final cross-linking stage of peptidoglycan production through binding and inactivation of transpeptidases thus inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis. It is active against a wide range of gram-negative organisms, but is less active against P. aeruginosa compared to azlocillin or piperacillin.
Pharmacokinetics:
Absorption: Not significantly absorbed from the GI tract. Well absorbed after IM inj, with peak plasma concentrations in 45-90 min.
Distribution: Protein-binding: 16-42%. Widely distributed in body tissues and fluids; crosses the placenta and distributed into breast milk (small amounts). Minimal diffusion into CSF.
Metabolism: Limited.
Excretion: Via urine by glomerular filtration and tubular secretion (about 55% of total dose, as unchanged drug); via bile (up to 30%). Half-life: Approx 1 hr; slightly prolonged in neonates; up to 6 hr in patients with renal impairment.

Penicillins