Ocular hypertension, Open-angle glaucoma
Adult: As 0.005% soln: Instill 1 drop into the affected eye(s) once daily, preferably in the evening.
Indications and Dosage
Ophthalmic
Ocular hypertension, Open-angle glaucoma Adult: As 0.005% soln: Instill 1 drop into the affected eye(s) once daily, preferably in the evening.
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Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to latanoprost, benzalkonium Cl.
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Special Precautions
Patient w/ active intraocular inflammation (e.g. uveitis, iritis), history of herpes simplex keratitis, aphakic patient, pseudophakic patient w/ torn posterior lens capsule or anterior chamber lenses, risk factor for cystoid macular oedema; peri-operative period of cataract surgery. Pregnancy and lactation.
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Adverse Reactions
Brown pigmentation particularly those w/ mixed-colour irises; darkening, thickening and lengthening of eyelashes (reversible); periorbital and lid changes resulting in deepening of eyelid sulcus; ocular irritation, eyelid oedema, transient punctuate epithelial erosions, conjunctival hyperaemia; headache, dizziness, arthralgia, myalgia. Rarely, darkening of palpebral skin, iritis and/or uveitis, macular oedema.
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Ophth: C
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Patient Counseling Information
Remove contact lenses prior to admin and reinsert after 15 min. May cause discolouration of soft contact lenses. This drug may cause transient blurring of vision, if affected, do not drive or use machines.
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Monitoring Parameters
Monitor intraocular pressure.
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Overdosage
Symptoms: Ocular irritation and conjunctival or episcleral hyperaemia. Management: Symptomatic treatment.
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Drug Interactions
May increase intraocular pressure w/ bimatoprost. May reduce therapeutic effect w/ NSAIDs. May cause precipitation when mixed w/ thiomersal-containing preparations; admin w/in a 5-min interval.
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Action
Description: Latanoprost, a synthetic analogue of prostaglandin F2α, reduces the intraocular pressure by increasing the outflow of aqueous humour.
Onset: 3-4 hr. Pharmacokinetics: Absorption: Absorbed through the cornea. Time to peak plasma concentration: 2 hr. Distribution: Volume of distribution: 0.16 L/kg. Metabolism: Primarily metabolised hepatically via fatty acid β-oxidation into 1,2-dinor and 1,2,3,4-tetranor metabolites. Excretion: Via urine (approx 88% as metabolites). Elimination half-life: 17 min. |
Chemical Structure
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Storage
Store unopened bottle between 2-8°C. After opening, store up to 25°C and use w/in 4 wk. Protect from light.
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MIMS Class
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References
Anon. Latanoprost. Lexicomp Online. Hudson, Ohio. Wolters Kluwer Clinical Drug Information, Inc. https://online.lexi.com. Accessed 27/01/2015. Buckingham R (ed). Latanoprost. Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference [online]. London. Pharmaceutical Press. https://www.medicinescomplete.com. Accessed 27/01/2015. Joint Formulary Committee. Latanoprost. British National Formulary [online]. London. BMJ Group and Pharmaceutical Press. https://www.medicinescomplete.com. Accessed 27/01/2015. Latanoprost Solution (Apotex Corp.). DailyMed. Source: U.S. National Library of Medicine. https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/. Accessed 27/01/2015. McEvoy GK, Snow EK, Miller J et al (eds). Latanoprost (EENT). AHFS Drug Information (AHFS DI) [online]. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP). https://www.medicinescomplete.com. Accessed 27/01/2015. Xalatan Ophthalmic Solution. U.S. FDA. https://www.fda.gov/. Accessed 27/01/2015.
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