Cypon

Cyproheptadine hydrochloride, dried yeast.

Each capsule contains: Cyproheptadine hydrochloride 2 mg, dried yeast IP'85 100 mg and approved colours used in the capsule shell.

Pharmacology: Cyproheptadine is a serotonin and histamine antagonist with anticholinergic and sedative property. It finds clinical application in stimulating the appetite and growth. The appetite-stimulating effect of cyproheptadine is probably a consequence of serotonin antagonism. It antagonizes the satiety stimulating effects of serotonin on the satiety center. Weight gain and increased growth in children that have been observed with cyproheptadine can be attributed to an interference with regulation of the secretion of growth hormone.
Dried yeast provides the necessary vitamins and also helps maintain a healthy flora in the intestine.

In elderly patients for those who have inadequate dietary intake or loss of appetite.

1-2 caps twice daily.

Overdosage of antihistamines, particularly in infants and young children, may produce hallucinations, CNS depression, convulsions, respiratory and cardiac arrest and death.
Antihistamine overdosage reactions may vary from CNS depression to stimulation especially in paediatric patients. Also, atropine-like signs and symptoms (dry mouth; fixed, dilated pupils; flushing, etc.) as well as GI symptoms may occur.
If vomiting has not occurred spontaneously, the patient should be induced to vomit with syrup of ipecac.
If the patient is unable to vomit, perform gastric lavage followed by activated charcoal. Isotonic or ½ isotonic saline is the lavage of choice. Precautions against aspiration must be taken especially in infants and children.
When life-threatening CNS signs and symptoms are present, IV physostigmine salicylate may be considered. Dosage and frequency of administration are dependent on age, clinical response and recurrence after response. Saline cathartics, as milk of magnesia, by osmosis draw water into the bowel and, therefore, are valuable for their action in rapid dilution of bowel content.
Stimulants should not be used.
Vasopressors may be used to treat hypotension. The oral LD₅₀ of cyproheptadine is 123 mg/kg and 295 mg/kg in the mouse and rat, respectively.

Hypersensitivity to any of the ingredients; monoamine oxidase (MAO) therapy; angle-closure glaucoma; stenosing peptic ulcer; symptomatic prostatic hypertrophy; bladder neck obstruction; pyloroduodenal obstruction; elderly, debilitated patients.

Use with alcohol and other CNS depressants should be avoided; cardiovascular disease; increased intraocular pressure; history of bronchial asthma; hyperthyroidism; hypertension.
Antihistamines may diminish mental alertness; conversely, particularly in the young child, may occasionally produce excitation.
Effects on the Ability to Drive or Operate Machinery: Some persons may feel drowsy with 1st dose of Cypon. If this happens, the patient should not drive a vehicle or operate machinery or appliances requiring alertness.
Use in the Elderly: Antihistamines are more likely to cause dizziness, sedation and hypotension in elderly patients.

Adverse reactions which have been reported with the use of antihistamines are as follows: Central Nervous System: Sedation and sleepiness (often transient), dizziness, disturbed coordination, confusion, restlessness, excitation, nervousness, tremor, irritability, insomnia, paresthesias, neuritis, convulsions, euphoria, hallucination and hysteria, drowsiness.
Dermatologic Effects (Integumentary): Allergic manifestation of skin rash and edema, excessive perspiration, urticaria, photosensitivity.
Special Senses: Acute labyrinthitis, blurred vision, diplopia, vertigo, tinnitus.
Cardiovascular: Hypotension, palpitation, tachycardia and arrhythmias, extrasystoles, anaphylactic shock.
Hematologic: Hemolytic anemia, leukopenia, agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia.
Digestive System: Cholestasis, hepatic failure, hepatitis, hepatic function abnormality, dryness of mouth, epigastric distress, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, constipation, jaundice.
Genitourinary: Urinary frequency, difficult urination, urinary retention, early menses.
Respiratory: Dryness of nose and throat, thickening of bronchial secretions, tightness of chest and wheezing, nasal stuffiness.
Miscellaneous: Fatigue, chills, headache, increased appetite/weight gain.

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) prolong and intensify the anticholinergic effects of antihistamines.
Cypon may have additive effects with alcohol and other CNS depressants like hypnotics, sedatives, tranquilizers and antianxiety agents.

Store in a cool, dark and dry place.
Keep the cap/container tightly closed.

Appetite Enhancers

A15 - APPETITE STIMULANTS ; Used as appetite stimulants.

OTC

Cap (hard gelatin) 10 x 10's.