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Indications and Dosage
Intramuscular
Uncomplicated gonorrhoea Adult: 1 g as a single dose. Parenteral Uncomplicated urinary tract infections Adult: 0.5 g 12 hrly given as deep IM or slow IV inj over 3-5 min. Parenteral Susceptible infections Adult: 1-2 g 8-12 hrly given as deep IM or slow IV inj over 3-5 min, increased to 2-4 g IV 8 hrly in severe infections. Max: 2 g 4 hrly.
Child: ≥6 mth 50 mg/kg 6-8 hrly. |
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Renal Impairment
Loading dose: 0.5-1 g. Maintenance: According to CrCl and severity of infection.
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Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to ceftizoxime.
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Special Precautions
Patient w/ history of GI disease, particularly colitis; hypersensitivity to penicillins. Renal impairment. Pregnancy and lactation.
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Adverse Reactions
Rash, pruritus, fever; transient elevation in AST, ALT and alkaline phosphatase; transient eosinophilia, thrombocytosis; burning, cellulitis, phlebitis, pain, induration and tenderness at inj site, paraesthesia; nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea; transient rise in BUN and creatinine. Rarely, anaemia, neutropenia, leucopenia, thrombocytopenia, vaginitis, numbness.
Potentially Fatal: Anaphylaxis, pseudomembranous colitis. |
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IM/IV/Parenteral: B
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Monitoring Parameters
Carefully monitor renal function.
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Drug Interactions
Renal clearance reduced w/ probenecid.
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Lab Interference
May develop positive Coomb's test.
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Action
Description: Ceftizoxime binds to 1 or more of the penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) which inhibit the final transpeptidation step of peptidoglycan synthesis in bacterial cell wall, thus inhibiting biosynthesis and arresting cell wall assembly resulting in bacterial cell death.
Pharmacokinetics: Absorption: Time to peak plasma concentration: 1 hr. Distribution: Widely distributed in body tissues and fluids; occur in CSF (therapeutic concentrations) when meninges are inflamed. Crosses the placenta and enters breast milk (low concentrations). Plasma protein binding: 30%. Excretion: Via urine as unchanged drug w/in 24 hr. Plasma half-life: Approx 1.7 hr. |
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Chemical Structure
 Source: National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Database. Ceftizoxime, CID=6533629, https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Ceftizoxima (accessed on Jan. 21, 2020) |
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Storage
Store at -20°C.
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MIMS Class
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ATC Classification
J01DD07 - ceftizoxime ; Belongs to the class of third-generation cephalosporins. Used in the systemic treatment of infections.
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References
Buckingham R (ed). Ceftizoxime Sodium. Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference [online]. London. Pharmaceutical Press. https://www.medicinescomplete.com. Accessed 13/11/2014. Cefizox Solution (Astellas Pharma US, Inc.). DailyMed. Source: U.S. National Library of Medicine. https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/. Accessed 13/11/2014. McEvoy GK, Snow EK, Miller J et al (eds). Cephalosporins General Statement. AHFS Drug Information (AHFS DI) [online]. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP). https://www.medicinescomplete.com. Accessed 25/08/2015.
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