Pharmacology: Pharmacodynamics: Mechanism of Action: Bisoprolol blocks the action of the sympathetic nervous system on the heart by blocking the heart's beta-1 adrenergic receptors. Bisoprolol reduces the heart rate & force of contraction of the heart, thus lowers blood pressure.
Pharmacokinetics: Absorption: Rapid and almost complete.
Distribution: Widely; highest concentrations in heart, liver, lungs, and saliva.
Metabolism: Extensively hepatic; significant first-pass effect (-20%).
Excretion: Urine (50% as unchanged drug, remainder as inactive metabolites); feces (<2%).