Not recommended in dual blockade of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, primary aldosteronism. Bilateral renal artery stenosis or artery stenosis to single functioning kidney; intravascular hypovolaemia; severe CHF; aortic or mitral stenosis, obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; hyperkalemia; ischaemic cardiomyopathy or CV disease. Patients w/ intercurrent events eg, dehydration, acute cardiac decompensation, metabolic acidosis, infectious diseases, cellular lysis. Diabetic patients treated w/ insulin or antidiabetics. Black patients. Monitor K & serum creatinine levels periodically in patients w/ renal impairment. Not to be co-administered w/ aliskiren in diabetic patients. Not to be used concomitantly w/ ACE inhibitors in patients w/ diabetic nephropathy. Avoid use w/ aliskiren in patients w/ renal impairment (GFR <60 mL/min). Not recommended to be used w/ ACE inhibitor. Concomitant use w/ K-sparing diuretics, K supplements, K-containing salt substitutes, NSAIDs including COX-2 inhibitors, immunosuppressives, trimethoprim, other drugs increasing K level eg, heparin. Not to be given in patients w/ cholestasis, biliary obstructive disorders or severe hepatic impairment.
Recent kidney transplantation; underlying renal disease, renal artery stenosis. Mild to moderate hepatic impairment. Not recommended during 1st trimester of pregnancy & lactation. Childn <18 yr. Elderly >70 yr.