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Indications and Dosage
Oral
Hypertension Adult: 80-160 mg/day in 2 or 3 divided doses. May increase dose every 1-2 wk until adequate response is obtained. Max: 320 mg/day. Oral Angina pectoris Adult: 80-160 mg/day in 2 or 3 divided doses. Max: 320 mg/day. Oral Cardiac arrhythmias Adult: 40-240 mg/day in 2 or 3 divided doses. Oral Anxiety Adult: 40-80 mg/day as a single dose or in 2 divided doses.
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Administration
May be taken with or without food.
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Contraindications
AV block (2nd and 3rd degree), bradycardia, uncontrolled heart failure, hypotension, history of bronchospasm or bronchial asthma, sick sinus syndrome, cardiogenic shock, severe peripheral arterial circulatory disturbances, Prinzmetal's angina, metabolic acidosis and use of anaesth.
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Special Precautions
Chronic obstructive lung disease, 1st degree AV block, untreated CHF, peripheral vascular disease (e.g. Raynaud's syndrome). May mask symptoms of hypoglycaemia and hyperthyroidism. Hepatic and renal impairment. Abrupt withdrawal of treatment is not advisable in patients w/ ischaemic heart disease. Pregnancy and lactation.
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Adverse Reactions
Hypotension, heart failure, peripheral vascular disorders (e.g. cold extremities, paraesthesia). Fatigue, dizziness, headache, mental depression, disturbances in libido and potency. Dry mouth, constipation, nausea, dyspnoea, bronchoconstriction, skin rash.
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Patient Counseling Information
May impair ability to drive or operate machinery.
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Overdosage
Symptoms: Hypotension, bradycardia, CHF, bronchospasm, hypoglycaemia, cardiogenic shock, cardiac arrest, conduction abnormalities, dyspnoea, vomiting, impairment of consciousness and generalised convulsions. Rhabdomyolysis w/ myoglobinuria. Management: Perform gastric lavage and administer activated charcoal w/in 4 hr of ingestion. Initial treatment w/ atropine should be used for bradycardia. High dose isoprenaline may be needed to control heart rate and hypotension. Glucagon is a useful alternative treatment for hypotension and heart failure. For seizures, use diazepam. Administer aminophylline, salbutamol or terbutaline in case of bronchospasm.
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Drug Interactions
May enhance effects of insulin and oral antidiabetics. Concurrent use w/ cimetidine may increase plasma levels and prolong half-life. May enhance the vasoconstrictive effects of ergot alkaloids. Potentiation of hypotension, bradycardia and myocardial depression may occur w/ Ca channel blockers (e.g. diltiazem, verapamil). May have additive cardiodepressant effect w/ anaesth (e.g. halothane). Enhanced pressor response to sympathomimetic drugs (e.g. epinephrine, phenylephrine, isoprenaline, noradrenaline). Concomitant admin w/ quinidine, amiodarone, disopyramide may induce negative inotropic effect and increase atrial-conduction time. May enhance lidocaine effects. Additive effect w/ reserpine, guanethidine. May enhance depressant effect w/ digitalis glycosides. Reduced hypotensive effect w/ NSAIDs.
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Food Interaction
Additive effect w/ alcohol.
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Action
Description:
Mechanism of Action: Oxprenolol is a non-cardioselective β-blocker. It competitively antagonises catecholamine-induced tachycardia at cardiac β-receptor sites, resulting in reduced cardiac output. Pharmacokinetics: Absorption: Well absorbed from the GI tract. Bioavailability: 20-70%. Time to peak plasma concentration: Approx 1 or 2 hr. Distribution: Enters breast milk, crosses the placenta and blood-brain barrier. Plasma protein binding: Approx 80%. Metabolism: Undergoes first-pass hepatic metabolism. Excretion: Via urine. Elimination half-life: 1-2 hr. |
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Storage
Store at 30°C. Protect from heat and moisture.
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MIMS Class
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References
Buckingham R (ed). Oxprenolol HCl. Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference [online]. London. Pharmaceutical Press. https://www.medicinescomplete.com. Accessed 27/11/2013.
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