Reduced absorption or enterohepatic circulation w/ cholestyramine. Induced (eg, antiepileptics or antituberculotics) or inhibited (eg, amiodarone or metronidazole) hepatic metabolism. Pharmacodynamic interactions w/ drugs affecting platelets eg, ASA, clopidogrel, ticlopidine, dipyridamole, most NSAIDs. Severe bleeding conditions w/ large-dose penicillins. Potentiated effects w/ anabolic steroids, azapropazone, erythromycin, some cephalosporins; heavy alcohol use; quinine; cranberry juice, other cranberry products; ginkgo (
Ginkgo biloba), garlic (
Allium sativum), dong quai (
Angelica sinensis), papaya (
Carica papaya) or danshen (
Salvia miltiorrhiza). Reduced effect w/ dietary vit K; ginseng (
Panax spp), St. John's wort (
Hypericum perforatum). Potentiated effects of oral sulphonylurea antidiabetics. Increased effect w/ ASA, allopurinol, amiodarone, amoxicillin, argatroban, azapropazone, azithromycin, bezafibrate, cabecitabine, carboxyuridine, celecoxib, clarithromycin, chloral hydrate, cefamandole, cefalexin, cefmenoxime, cefmetazole, cefoperazone, cefuroxime, cimetidine, ciprofloxacin, clofibrate, codeine, cyclophosphamide, dextropropoxyphene, dextrothyroxine, digoxin, disulfiram, doxycycline, erythromycin, etoposide, fenofibrate, feprazone, fluconazole, fluorouracil, flutamide, fluvastatin, fluvoxamine, gatifloxacin, gemfibrozil, grepafloxacin, ifosfamide, indometacin, flu vaccine, interferon α & β, INH, itraconazole, ketoconazole, latamoxef, leflunomide, lepirudin, levofloxacin, lovastatin, metolazone, MTX, metronidazole, miconazole, moxifloxacin, nalidixic acid, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, omeprazole, oxyphenbutazone, paracetamol, phenylbutazone, piroxicam, proguanil, propafenone, propranolol, quinine, quinidine, rofecoxib, roxithromycin, simvastatin, sulfafurazole, sulfamethizole, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, sulfaphenazole, sulfinpyrazone, sulfofenur, sulindac, anabolic & androgenic steroid hormones, tamoxifen, tegafur, tetracycline, tolmetin, tramadol, trastuzumab, troglitazone, valproic acid, vit A & E, zafirlukast. Increased INR w/ noscapine, glucosamine. Decreased effect w/ azathioprine, barbiturates, carbamazepine, chlordiazepoxide, chlortalidone, cloxacillin, ciclosporin, dicloxacillin, disopyramide, griseofulvin, mercaptopurine, mesalazine, mitotane, nafcillin, nevirapine, phenobarb, primidone, rifampicin, spironolactone, trazodone, vit C. Vit K-containing foods eg, amaranth, chayote, kale, lettuce, mint & spinach leaf, avocado, broccoli, Brussels sprout, cabbage, canola, olive & soybean oil, chives, coriander, cucumber skin, endives, kiwifruit, mustard greens, parsley, peas, pistachio nuts, purple seaweed laver, spring onion, soybeans, tea leaves, turnip greens, watercress. Avoid use w/ methyl salicylate-containing topical prep.