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Indications and Dosage
Inhalation/Respiratory
Induction and maintenance of general anaesthesia Adult: Induction: 0.5% v/v of halothane in oxygen or mixture of nitrous oxide and oxygen, increase gradually according to response to a concentration of 2-4% v/v. Maintenance: 0.5-2% v/v depending on the flow rate used.
Child: Induction: 1.5-2% v/v. Maintenance: 0.5-1.5% v/v. |
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Incompatibility
Reacts w/ many metals. Rubber and some plastics deteriorate when in contact w/ halothane vapour or liq.
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Contraindications
Known or suspected susceptibility to malignant hyperthermia, raised CSF pressure, history of unexplained jaundice or acute hepatic damage from previous exposure to halothane. Childn <18 yr undergoing outpatient dental surgery.
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Special Precautions
Patient w/ phaeochromocytoma, myasthenia gravis, renal failure, pre-existing hepatic disease. Childn. Pregnancy and lactation.
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Adverse Reactions
Post-op nausea, vomiting, and shivering; resp depression, hypotension, skeletal muscle relaxation, bradycardia.
Potentially Fatal: Hepatotoxicity, malignant hyperthermia, cardiac arrhythmias. |
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Patient Counseling Information
May impair ability to drive or operate machinery.
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Monitoring Parameters
Monitor pulse and BP.
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Drug Interactions
Increased risk of ventricular dysrhythmias w/ epinephrine. Increased risk of malignant hyperthermia w/ suxamethonium. Prolonged recovery from anaesth w/ concurrent use of ketamine for induction. May potentiate response to non-depolarising muscle relaxants, hypotensive agents (e.g. hexamethonium bromide, trimetaphan camsilate).
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Action
Description:
Mechanism of Action: Halothane is a potent non-flammable inhalational anaesth which depresses both cerebral function and sympathetic activity. It suppresses salivary, bronchial and gastric secretions and dilates the bronchioles. Pharmacokinetics: Absorption: Absorbed on inhalation. Distribution: Soluble in the neutral fats of adipose tissue. Crosses the placenta and enters breast milk. Metabolism: Metabolised hepatically to form trifluoroacetic acid, bromide and Cl salts via oxidative pathway, and fluoride salts via reductive pathway. Excretion: Via lungs (up to 80% as unchanged drug). |
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Chemical Structure
 Source: National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Database. Halothane, CID=3562, https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Halothane (accessed on Jan. 23, 2020) |
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Storage
Store below 25°C.
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MIMS Class
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ATC Classification
N01AB01 - halothane ; Belongs to the class of halogenated hydrocarbons. Used as general anesthetics.
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References
Buckingham R (ed). Halothane. Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference [online]. London. Pharmaceutical Press. https://www.medicinescomplete.com/mc/martindale/current/3101-x.htm?q=halothane&t=search&ss=text&p=1#_hit . Accessed 14/01/2016. Fluothane (Halothane) Dear Healthcare Professional Letter Mar 2000. U.S. FDA. https://www.fda.gov/. Accessed 14/01/2016.
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