Cefprozil

Oral
Pharyngitis, Tonsillitis

Oral
Acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis

Oral
Uncomplicated skin and skin structure infections

CrCl (mL/min)	Dosage
<30	Reduce dose by 50%.

May be taken with or without food. May be taken w/ meals to reduce GI discomfort.

Add the amount of water as specified on the container in 2 equal portions to provide a susp containing 125 mg or 250 mg per 5 mL. Shake the bottle after each addition.

Hypersensitivity to cefprozil, or other cephalosporins.

Patient with history of penicillin allergy, gastrointestinal disease (particularly colitis). Renal impairment. Pregnancy and lactation.

Significant: Hypersensitivity, fungal or bacterial superinfection, including pseudomembranous colitis, Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea (prolonged use).
Gastrointestinal disorders: Diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain.
Investigations: Increased serum transaminases.
Nervous system disorders: Dizziness.
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders: Diaper rash, genital pruritus.

PO: B

Monitor renal function at baseline and as clinically indicated. Monitor for signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis during 1st dose.

May enhance the nephrotoxic effect of aminoglycosides. Increased serum concentrations with probenecid.

Positive direct Coombs' test results. False-positive result in urine glucose determinations using cupric sulfate (e.g. Benedict's solution, Fehling's solution, Clinitest). False-negative result in ferricyanide test for blood glucose.

Description:
Mechanism of Action: Cefprozil is a semi-synthetic, broad-spectrum 2nd generation cephalosporin. It acts by inhibiting the bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to 1 or more of penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) which interrupts the final transpeptidation step of peptidoglycan synthesis leading to bacterial cell lysis and death.
Pharmacokinetics:
Absorption: Well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Bioavailability: 90-95%. Time to peak plasma concentration: 1.5 hours (fasting).
Distribution: Widely distributed in various body tissues and fluids. Enters breast milk. Volume of distribution: 0.23 L/kg. Plasma protein binding: Approx 36%.
Excretion: Via urine (approx 60%, as unchanged drug). Elimination half-life: 1-3 hours.

Source: National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Database. Cefprozil, CID=5281006, https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Cefprozil (accessed on Jan. 21, 2020)

Store between 20-25°C. Reconstituted powder for susp: Store between 2-8°C.

Cephalosporins

J01DC10 - cefprozil ; Belongs to the class of second-generation cephalosporins. Used in the systemic treatment of infections.

Anon. Cefprozil. AHFS Clinical Drug Information [online]. Bethesda, MD. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Inc. https://www.ahfscdi.com. Accessed 16/02/2022.

Anon. Cefprozil. Lexicomp Online. Hudson, Ohio. Wolters Kluwer Clinical Drug Information, Inc. https://online.lexi.com. Accessed 06/01/2022.

Buckingham R (ed). Cefprozil. Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference [online]. London. Pharmaceutical Press. https://www.medicinescomplete.com. Accessed 06/01/2022.

Cefprozil Powder for Suspension (Aurobindo Pharma Limited). DailyMed. Source: U.S. National Library of Medicine. https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed. Accessed 06/01/2022.

Cefprozil Tablet, Film Coated (Aurobindo Pharma Limited). DailyMed. Source: U.S. National Library of Medicine. https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed. Accessed 06/01/2022.

Cefzil Tablets 250 and 500 mg; Oral Suspension 125 mg/5 mL and 250 mg/5 mL (Bristol-Myers Squibb Company). U.S. FDA. https://www.fda.gov. Accessed 06/01/2022.