Azlocillin


Generic Medicine Info
Indications and Dosage
Intravenous
Infections due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Peritonitis, Respiratory tract infections, Septicaemia, Urinary tract infections
Adult: 2 g every 8 hr. Life-threatening infections: 5 g every 8 hr.
Child: Up to 14 yr: 75 mg/kg tid. Infants 7 days-1 yr: 100 mg/kg tid. Neonates <7 days: 100 mg/kg bid. Premature infants: 50 mg/kg bid.
Renal Impairment
Dose reduction may be required if the patient also has severe hepatic impairment.
CrCl (mL/min) Dosage
<30 Increase dosing interval to 12 hours.
Hepatic Impairment
Dose reduction may be required if patient also has severe renal impairment.
Incompatibility
Incompatible with aminoglycosides, ciprofloxacin, metronidazole and tetracyclines.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to penicillins.
Special Precautions
Restricted sodium diet. Very high doses in poor renal function (risk of neurotoxicity) or heart failure. Avoid contact, skin sensitization may occur. Monitor serum potassium concentration, renal and haematological status. Spirochete infections particularly syphilis; suprainfection with penicillin-resistant organisms with prolonged use; avoid intrathecal route.
Adverse Reactions
Pain at the inj site and phlebitis; electrolyte disturbances; dose-dependent coagulation defect; purpura and haemorrhage; hypersensitivity reactions including uticaria; fever; joint pains; rashes; angioedema; serum sickness-like reactions; haemolytic anemia; interstitial nephritis; neutropenia; thrombocytopenia; CNS toxicity including convulsions; diarrhoea; antibiotic-associated colitis.
Potentially Fatal: Anaphylaxis.
Drug Interactions
Probenecid prolongs T1/2 of azlocillin. Bacteriostatic drugs eg chloramphenicol, tetracyclines; other antibacterials; anticoagulants.
Lab Interference
May interfere with diagnostic tests for urinary glucose using copper sulfate, direct Coomb's test, and test for urinary or serum proteins. May interfere with diagnostic tests that use bacteria.
Action
Description:
Mechanism of Action: Antimicrobial action is similar to piperacillin and includes activity against a wide range of gram-negative organisms including Klebsiella pneumoniae. Activity in vitro against Enterobacteriaceae is generally <that of mezlocillin or piperacillin but has comparable activity to piperacillin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Pharmacokinetics:
Absorption: Not absorbed significantly in the GI tract.
Distribution: Protein binding: 20-46%. Widely distributed and crosses the placenta.
Metabolism: Metabolised to a limited extent.
Excretion: About 50-70% of a dose is excreted unchanged in the urine within 24 hr. Also excreted in the bile. Plasma half-life: About 1 hr. Removed by haemodialysis.
MIMS Class
Penicillins
Disclaimer: This information is independently developed by MIMS based on Azlocillin from various references and is provided for your reference only. Therapeutic uses, prescribing information and product availability may vary between countries. Please refer to MIMS Product Monographs for specific and locally approved prescribing information. Although great effort has been made to ensure content accuracy, MIMS shall not be held responsible or liable for any claims or damages arising from the use or misuse of the information contained herein, its contents or omissions, or otherwise. Copyright © 2024 MIMS. All rights reserved. Powered by MIMS.com
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